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Trojan attacks are sophisticated training-time attacks on neural networks that embed backdoor triggers which force the network to produce a specific output on any input which includes the trigger. With the increasing relevance of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xihe Gu , Greg Fields , Yaman Jandali , Tara Javidi , Farinaz Koushanfar

With the widespread use of deep neural networks (DNNs) in high-stake applications, the security problem of the DNN models has received extensive attention. In this paper, we investigate a specific security problem called trojan attack,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Ruixiang Tang , Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Xia Hu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been shown to be susceptible to Trojan attacks. Neural Trojan is a type of targeted poisoning attack that embeds the backdoor into the victim and is activated by the trigger in the input space. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Diego Garcia-soto , Huili Chen , Farinaz Koushanfar

Despite their success and popularity, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable when facing backdoor attacks. This impedes their wider adoption, especially in mission critical applications. This paper tackles the problem of Trojan…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Xiaoling Hu , Xiao Lin , Michael Cogswell , Yi Yao , Susmit Jha , Chao Chen

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have found extensive applications in safety-critical artificial intelligence systems, such as autonomous driving and facial recognition systems. However, recent research has revealed their susceptibility to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Lingxin Jin , Xianyu Wen , Wei Jiang , Jinyu Zhan

When the training data are maliciously tampered, the predictions of the acquired deep neural network (DNN) can be manipulated by an adversary known as the Trojan attack (or poisoning backdoor attack). The lack of robustness of DNNs against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Ren Wang , Gaoyuan Zhang , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Jinjun Xiong , Meng Wang

Recently, it has been shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to Trojan attacks, where an attacker can install a backdoor during training time to make the resultant model misidentify samples contaminated with a small trigger patch.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Vuong Le , Santu Rana , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

Trojan (backdoor) attack is a form of adversarial attack on deep neural networks where the attacker provides victims with a model trained/retrained on malicious data. The backdoor can be activated when a normal input is stamped with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Siyuan Cheng , Yingqi Liu , Shiqing Ma , Xiangyu Zhang

Trojan attack on deep neural networks, also known as backdoor attack, is a typical threat to artificial intelligence. A trojaned neural network behaves normally with clean inputs. However, if the input contains a particular trigger, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Chong Fu , Xuhong Zhang , Shouling Ji , Ting Wang , Peng Lin , Yanghe Feng , Jianwei Yin

With the surge of Machine Learning (ML), An emerging amount of intelligent applications have been developed. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated unprecedented performance across various fields such as medical diagnosis and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xinqiao Zhang , Huili Chen , Ke Huang , Farinaz Koushanfar

Backdoor attacks are emerging threats to deep neural networks, which typically embed malicious behaviors into a victim model by injecting poisoned samples. Adversaries can activate the injected backdoor during inference by presenting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Bingyin Zhao , Yingjie Lao

Backdoor (Trojan) attacks are emerging threats against deep neural networks (DNN). A DNN being attacked will predict to an attacker-desired target class whenever a test sample from any source class is embedded with a backdoor pattern; while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Xi Li , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

We propose Februus; a new idea to neutralize highly potent and insidious Trojan attacks on Deep Neural Network (DNN) systems at run-time. In Trojan attacks, an adversary activates a backdoor crafted in a deep neural network model using a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Bao Gia Doan , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Machine learning models that use deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. An adversary carrying out a backdoor attack embeds a predefined perturbation called a trigger into a small subset of input samples and trains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Arezoo Rajabi , Surudhi Asokraj , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Jim Ritcey , Radha Poovendran

Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor, or trojan, attacks where an adversary has embedded a trigger in the network at training time such that the model correctly classifies all standard inputs, but generates a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Greg Fields , Mohammad Samragh , Mojan Javaheripi , Farinaz Koushanfar , Tara Javidi

Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable to Trojan (or backdoor) attacks. Reverse-engineering methods can reconstruct the trigger and thus identify affected models. Existing reverse-engineering methods only consider input space constraints,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Hailun Ding , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

Backdoor (Trojan) attacks are an important type of adversarial exploit against deep neural networks (DNNs), wherein a test instance is (mis)classified to the attacker's target class whenever the attacker's backdoor trigger is present. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xi Li , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

A backdoor or Trojan attack is an important type of data poisoning attack against deep neural network (DNN) classifiers, wherein the training dataset is poisoned with a small number of samples that each possess the backdoor pattern (usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 H. Wang , S. Karami , O. Dia , H. Ritter , E. Emamjomeh-Zadeh , J. Chen , Z. Xiang , D. J. Miller , G. Kesidis

A recent trojan attack on deep neural network (DNN) models is one insidious variant of data poisoning attacks. Trojan attacks exploit an effective backdoor created in a DNN model by leveraging the difficulty in interpretability of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Yansong Gao , Chang Xu , Derui Wang , Shiping Chen , Damith C. Ranasinghe , Surya Nepal

Artificial Intelligence (AI) relies heavily on deep learning - a technology that is becoming increasingly popular in real-life applications of AI, even in the safety-critical and high-risk domains. However, it is recently discovered that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Jie Wang , Ghulam Mubashar Hassan , Naveed Akhtar
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