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The Model-Constructing Satisfiability Calculus (MCSAT) framework has been applied to SMT problems over various arithmetic theories. NLSAT, an implementation using cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) for explanation, is especially…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhonghan Wang

In this paper we present a new approach to solve the satisfiability problem (SAT), based on boolean networks (BN). We define a mapping between a SAT instance and a BN, and we solve SAT problem by simulating the BN dynamics. We prove that BN…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Andrea Roli , Michela Milano

The Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem stands out as an attractive NP-complete problem in theoretic computer science and plays a central role in a broad spectrum of computing-related applications. Exploiting and tuning SAT solvers under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Weihuang Wen , Tianshu Yu

Logic locking refers to a set of techniques that can protect integrated circuits (ICs) from counterfeiting, piracy and malicious functionality changes by an untrusted foundry. It achieves these goals by introducing new inputs, called key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Deepak Sirone , Pramod Subramanyan

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) holds a central place in computational complexity theory as the first shown NP-complete problem. Due to this role, SAT is often used as the benchmark for polynomial-time reductions: if a problem can…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yumiko Nishiyama

The Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem is the canonical NP-complete problem and is fundamental to computer science, with a wide array of applications in planning, verification, and theorem proving. Developing and evaluating practical SAT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Jiaxuan You , Haoze Wu , Clark Barrett , Raghuram Ramanujan , Jure Leskovec

The Boolean SATisfiability problem (SAT) is of central importance in computer science. Although SAT is known to be NP-complete, progress on the engineering side, especially that of Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) and Local Search SAT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Anastasios Kyrillidis , Anshumali Shrivastava , Moshe Y. Vardi , Zhiwei Zhang

Circuit obfuscation is a recently proposed defense mechanism to protect digital integrated circuits (ICs) from reverse engineering by using camouflaged gates i.e., logic gates whose functionality cannot be precisely determined by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Zhiqian Chen , Gaurav Kolhe , Setareh Rafatirad , Sai Manoj P. D. , Houman Homayoun , Liang Zhao , Chang-Tien Lu

This paper presents a Prolog interface to the MiniSat satisfiability solver. Logic program- ming with satisfiability combines the strengths of the two paradigms: logic programming for encoding search problems into satisfiability on the one…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-09-03 Michael Codish , Vitaly Lagoon , Peter J. Stuckey

We present the Neural Satisfiability Network (NSNet), a general neural framework that models satisfiability problems as probabilistic inference and meanwhile exhibits proper explainability. Inspired by the Belief Propagation (BP), NSNet…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Zhaoyu Li , Xujie Si

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) has an extensive application domain in computer science, especially in electronic design automation applications. Circuit synthesis, optimization, and verification problems can be solved by transforming original…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-03-18 Te-Hsuan Chen , Ju-Yi Lu

Encoding constraints into neural networks is attractive. This paper studies how to introduce the popular positive linear satisfiability to neural networks. We propose the first differentiable satisfiability layer based on an extension of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Runzhong Wang , Yunhao Zhang , Ziao Guo , Tianyi Chen , Xiaokang Yang , Junchi Yan

Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT) is one of the core problems in computer science. As one of the fundamental NP-complete problems, it can be used - by known reductions - to represent instances of variety of hard decision problems.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Michał Karpiński

Machine learning approaches to solving Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) aim to replace handcrafted heuristics with learning-based models. Graph Neural Networks have emerged as the main architecture for SAT solving, due to the natural graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Saku Peltonen , Roger Wattenhofer

Recent studies demonstrate that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to slight but adversarially designed perturbations, known as adversarial examples. To address this issue, robust training methods against adversarial examples have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Jintang Li , Jiaying Peng , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng , Tingting Liang , Qing Ling

In this paper, we propose GNNUnlock, the first-of-its-kind oracle-less machine learning-based attack on provably secure logic locking that can identify any desired protection logic without focusing on a specific syntactic topology. The key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Faiq Khalid , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Hani Saleh , Muhammad Shafique , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Wepropose SplitGNN, a graph neural network (GNN)-based approach that learns to solve weighted maximum satisfiabil ity (MaxSAT) problem. SplitGNN incorporates a co-training architecture consisting of supervised message passing mech anism and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Kaidi Wan , Minghao Liu , Yong Lai

Boolean Satisfiability problems are vital components in Electronic Design Automation, particularly within the Logic Equivalence Checking process. Currently, SAT solvers are employed for these problems and neural network is tried as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Tsz Ho Chan , Wenyi Xiao , Junhua Huang , Huiling Zhen , Guangji Tian , Mingxuan Yuan

We propose a secure and lightweight key based challenge obfuscation for strong PUFs. Our architecture is designed to be resilient against learning attacks. Our obfuscation mechanism uses non-linear feedback shift registers (NLFSRs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Kleber Stangherlin , Zhuanhao Wu , Hiren Patel , Manoj Sachdev

Logic Encryption is one of the most popular hardware security techniques which can prevent IP piracy and illegal IC overproduction. It introduces obfuscation by inserting some extra hardware into a design to hide its functionality from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Rajit Karmakar , Santanu Chatopadhyay , Rohit Kapur