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For positive integers $1 \leq k \leq n$ let $M_n$ be the algebra of all $n \times n$ complex matrices and $M_n^{\le k}$ its subset consisting of all matrices of rank at most $k$. We first show that whenever $k>\frac{n}{2}$, any continuous…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Alexandru Chirvasitu , Ilja Gogić , Mateo Tomašević

In undirected graphs with real non-negative weights, we give a new randomized algorithm for the single-source shortest path (SSSP) problem with running time $O(m\sqrt{\log n \cdot \log\log n})$ in the comparison-addition model. This is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Ran Duan , Jiayi Mao , Xinkai Shu , Longhui Yin

For a fixed $n\ge2$, consider an $n\times n$ matrix $M$ whose entries are random integers bounded by $k$ in absolute value. In this paper, we examine the probability that $M$ is singular (hence has eigenvalue 0), and the probability that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-12-20 Greg Martin , Erick B. Wong

We study smoothed analysis of distributed graph algorithms, focusing on the fundamental minimum spanning tree (MST) problem. With the goal of studying the time complexity of distributed MST as a function of the "perturbation" of the input…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Soumyottam Chatterjee , Gopal Pandurangan , Nguyen Dinh Pham

We present a comprehensive analysis of singular vector and singular subspace perturbations in the signal-plus-noise matrix model with random Gaussian noise. Assuming a low-rank signal matrix, we extend the Davis-Kahan-Wedin theorem in a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ke Wang

Let $X_1,..., X_N\in\R^n$ be independent centered random vectors with log-concave distribution and with the identity as covariance matrix. We show that with overwhelming probability at least $1 - 3 \exp(-c\sqrt{n}\r)$ one has $ \sup_{x\in…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-01 Radosław Adamczak , Alexander E. Litvak , Alain Pajor , Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann

Let $N_n$ be an $n\times n$ complex random matrix, each of whose entries is an independent copy of a centered complex random variable $z$ with finite non-zero variance $\sigma^{2}$. The strong circular law, proved by Tao and Vu, states that…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Vishesh Jain

Given measurements of a linear time-invariant system, the McMillan degree is the dimension of the smallest such system that reproduces these observed dynamics. Using impulse response measurements where the system has been started in some…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-24 Jeffrey M. Hokanson

The objective of the matrix selection problem is to select a submatrix $A_{S}\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times k}$ from $A\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times m}$ such that its minimum singular value is maximized. In this paper, we employ the interlacing…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Zhiqiang Xu

Let A be an n*n random matrix with mean zero and independent inhomogeneous non-constant subgaussian entries. We get that for any k<c\sqrt{n}, the probability of the matrix has a lower rank than n-k that is sub-exponential. Furthermore, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Guozheng Dai , Zeyan Song , Hanchao Wang

We consider the spectrum of additive, polynomially vanishing random perturbations of deterministic matrices, as follows. Let $M_N$ be a deterministic $N\times N$ matrix, and let $G_N$ be a complex Ginibre matrix. We consider the matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-17 Anirban Basak , Elliot Paquette , Ofer Zeitouni

Consider an operator that takes the Fourier transform of a discrete measure supported in $\mathcal{X}\subset[-\frac 12,\frac 12)^d$ and restricts it to a compact $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^d$. We provide lower bounds for its smallest singular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Weilin Li

Let $A_n=(a_0,a_1,\dots,a_{n-1})$ be drawn uniformly at random from $\{-1,+1\}^n$ and define \[ M(A_n)=\max_{0<u<n}\,\Bigg|\sum_{j=0}^{n-u-1}a_ja_{j+u}\Bigg|\quad\text{for $n>1$}. \] It is proved that $M(A_n)/\sqrt{n\log n}$ converges in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Kai-Uwe Schmidt

Let $A_n$ be an $n \times n$ deterministic matrix and $\Sigma_n$ be a deterministic non-negative matrix such that $A_n$ and $\Sigma_n$ converge in $*$-moments to operators $a$ and $\Sigma$ respectively in some $W^*$-probability space. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Ching-Wei Ho , Zhi Yin , Ping Zhong

In this paper, we show that the largest and smallest eigenvalues of a sample correlation matrix stemming from $n$ independent observations of a $p$-dimensional time series with iid components converge almost surely to $(1+\sqrt{\gamma})^2$…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

The sum-product conjecture of Erd\H os and Szemer\'edi states that, given a finite set $A$ of positive numbers, one can find asymptotic lower bounds for $\max\{|A+A|,|A\cdot A|\}$ of the order of $|A|^{1+\delta}$ for every $\delta <1$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-07 J. A. Dias da Silva , Pedro J. Freitas

A well-known conjecture states that a random symmetric $n \times n$ matrix with entries in $\{-1,1\}$ is singular with probability $\Theta\big( n^2 2^{-n} \big)$. In this paper we prove that the probability of this event is at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Marcelo Campos , Letícia Mattos , Robert Morris , Natasha Morrison

We investigate exponential sums over those numbers $\leq x$ all of whose prime factors are $\leq y$. We prove fairly good minor arc estimates, valid whenever $\log^{3}x \leq y \leq x^{1/3}$. Then we prove sharp upper bounds for the $p$-th…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Adam J. Harper

Let $m \geq 1$ and consider the product of $m$ independent $n \times n$ matrices $\mathbf{W} = \mathbf{W}_1 \dots \mathbf{W}_m$, each $\mathbf{W}_{i}$ with i.i.d. normalised $\mathcal{N}(0, n^{-1/2})$ entries. It is shown in Penson et al.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-06 Thiziri Nait Saada , Alireza Naderi

Estimating the second frequency moment of a stream up to $(1\pm\varepsilon)$ multiplicative error requires at most $O(\log n / \varepsilon^2)$ bits of space, due to a seminal result of Alon, Matias, and Szegedy. It is also known that at…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Mark Braverman , Or Zamir