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Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) have been very successful as methods for forming compressed latent representations of complex, often high-dimensional, data. In this paper, we derive an alternative variational lower bound from the one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Shuyu Lin , Ronald Clark , Robert Birke , Niki Trigoni , Stephen Roberts

Variational Bayes (VB) is a recent approximate method for Bayesian inference. It has the merit of being a fast and scalable alternative to Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) but its approximation error is often unknown. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-05 Reza Hajargasht

Hybrid Monte Carlo is a powerful Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for sampling from complex continuous distributions. However, a major limitation of HMC is its inability to be applied to discrete domains due to the lack of gradient signal.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Priyank Jaini , Didrik Nielsen , Max Welling

In recent years, the field of machine learning has made phenomenal progress in the pursuit of simulating real-world data generation processes. One notable example of such success is the variational autoencoder (VAE). In this work, with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-30 Hwan Goh , Sheroze Sheriffdeen , Jonathan Wittmer , Tan Bui-Thanh

Federated learning performed by a decentralized networks of agents is becoming increasingly important with the prevalence of embedded software on autonomous devices. Bayesian approaches to learning benefit from offering more information as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Adam Cobb , Tara Javidi , Brian Jalaian

Recently introduced EASE algorithm presents a simple and elegant way, how to solve the top-N recommendation task. In this paper, we introduce Neural EASE to further improve the performance of this algorithm by incorporating techniques for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Vojtěch Vančura , Pavel Kordík

When trained effectively, the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is both a powerful language model and an effective representation learning framework. In practice, however, VAEs are trained with the evidence lower bound (ELBO) as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Bohan Li , Junxian He , Graham Neubig , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Yiming Yang

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are an influential and generally-used class of likelihood-based generative models in unsupervised learning. The likelihood-based generative models have been reported to be highly robust to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuming Ran , Mingkun Xu , Qi Xu , Huihui Zhou , Quanying Liu

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular probabilistic generative model. However, one shortcoming of VAEs is that the latent variables cannot be discrete, which makes it difficult to generate data from different modes of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-21 Jay A. Hennig , Akash Umakantha , Ryan C. Williamson

Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach that exhibits favourable exploration properties in high-dimensional models such as neural networks. Unfortunately, HMC has limited use in large-data regimes and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-15 Adam D. Cobb , Brian Jalaian

We propose a new framework of variance-reduced Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) methods for sampling from an $L$-smooth and $m$-strongly log-concave distribution, based on a unified formulation of biased and unbiased variance reduction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Zhengmian Hu , Feihu Huang , Heng Huang

Envelope models provide a sufficient dimension reduction framework for multivariate regression analysis. Bayesian inference for these models has been developed primarily using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Specifically, Gibbs…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Seunghyeon Kim , Kwangmin Lee , Yeonhee Park

Conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs) are versatile deep generative models that extend the standard VAE framework by conditioning the generative model with auxiliary covariates. The original CVAE model assumes that the data samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-03 Siddharth Ramchandran , Gleb Tikhonov , Otto Lönnroth , Pekka Tiikkainen , Harri Lähdesmäki

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful method for learning representations of high-dimensional data. However, VAEs can suffer from an issue known as latent variable collapse (or KL loss vanishing), where the posterior collapses to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Chenghua Lin , Matthew Collinson , Rui Mao

In designing efficient feedback control laws for fluid flow, the modern control theory can serve as a powerful tool if the model can be represented by a linear ordinary differential equation (ODE). However, it is generally difficult to find…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-16 Hiroshi Omichi , Takeru Ishize , Koji Fukagata

In the last few decades, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been widely applied to Bayesian updating of structural dynamic models in the field of structural health monitoring. Recently, several MCMC algorithms have been developed…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-29 Xianghao Meng , James L. Beck , Yong Huang , Hui Li

Recommending appropriate tags to items can facilitate content organization, retrieval, consumption and other applications, where hybrid tag recommender systems have been utilized to integrate collaborative information and content…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Jing Yi , Xubin Ren , Zhenzhong Chen

The spatial error model (SEM) is a type of simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model for analysing spatially correlated data. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is one of the most widely used Bayesian methods for estimating SEM, but it has…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-14 Anjana Wijayawardhana , David Gunawan , Thomas Suesse

The ability to accurately model random fields plays a critical role in science and engineering for problems involving uncertain, spatially-varying quantities such as heterogeneous material properties and turbulent flows. Deep generative…

Multimodal learning with variational autoencoders (VAEs) requires estimating joint distributions to evaluate the evidence lower bound (ELBO). Current methods, the product and mixture of experts, aggregate single-modality distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Rogelio A Mancisidor , Robert Jenssen , Shujian Yu , Michael Kampffmeyer