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Graph polynomials are polynomials assigned to graphs. Interestingly, they also arise in many areas outside graph theory as well. Many properties of graph polynomials have been widely studied. In this paper, we survey some results on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Xueliang Li , Yongtang Shi

We show that any graph polynomial from a wide class of graph polynomials yields a recurrence relation on an infinite class of families of graphs. The recurrence relations we obtain have coefficients which themselves satisfy linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-17 Tomer Kotek , Johann A. Makowsky

We survey some of the known results on eigenvalues of Cayley graphs and their applications, together with related results on eigenvalues of Cayley digraphs and generalizations of Cayley graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-25 Xiaogang Liu , Sanming Zhou

A general strategy is given for the classification of graphs of rational surface singularities. For each maximal rational double point configuration we investigate the possible multiplicities in the fundamental cycle. We classify completely…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-20 Jan Stevens

We establish an Expander Mixing Lemma for directed graphs in terms of the eigenvalues of an associated asymmetric transition probability matrix, extending the classical spectral inequality to the asymmetric setting. As an application, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Rebecca Carter

The paper introduces a method of partial fractions with matrix coefficients and its applications to finding chains of generalized eigenvectors, to evaluation of matrix exponentials, and to solution of linear systems of ordinary differential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Ruben Airapetyan

Many variants of join operations of graphs have been introduced and their spectral properties have been studied extensively by many researchers. This paper mainly focuses on the Laplacian spectra of some double join operations of graphs. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-04 Gui-Xian Tian , Jing-Xiang He , Shu-Yu Cui

For a given graph $G$, we aim to determine the possible realizable spectra for a generalized (or sometimes referred to as a weighted) Laplacian matrix associated with $G$. This new specialized inverse eigenvalue problem is considered for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Shaun Fallat , Himanshu Gupta , Jephian C. -H. Lin

For a given complex square matrix $A$ with constant row sum, we establish two new eigenvalue inclusion sets. Using these bounds, first we derive bounds for the second largest and smallest eigenvalues of adjacency matrices of $k$-regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-27 Ranjit Mehatari , M. Rajesh Kannan

We construct and study a class of algebras associated to generalized layered graphs, i.e. directed graphs with a ranking function on their vertices. Each finite directed acyclic graph admits countably many structures of a generalized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-06-11 Vladimir Retakh , Robert Lee Wilson

Deep learning has been shown to be successful in a number of domains, ranging from acoustics, images, to natural language processing. However, applying deep learning to the ubiquitous graph data is non-trivial because of the unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Ziwei Zhang , Peng Cui , Wenwu Zhu

In this paper, we use theory of rough set to study graphs using the concept of orbits. We investigate the indiscernibility partitions and approximations of graphs induced by orbits of graphs. We also study rough membership functions,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Imran Javaid , Shahroz Ali , Shahid Ur Rehman , Aqsa Shah

We study some spectral properties of a matrix that is constructed as a combination of a Laplacian and an adjacency matrix of simple graphs. The matrix considered depends on a positive parameter, as such we consider the implications in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Riccardo Bonetto , Hildeberto Jardón Kojakhmetov

We explore the connections between the linear algebra of symmetric matrices over GF(2) and the circuit theory of 4-regular graphs. In particular, we show that the equivalence relation on simple graphs generated by local complementation can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-28 Lorenzo Traldi

Graph neural networks process information on graphs represented at a given resolution scale. We analyze the effect of using different coarse-grained graph resolutions, obtained through the Laplacian renormalization group theory, on node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Francesco Caso , Giovanni Trappolini , Andrea Bacciu , Pietro Liò , Fabrizio Silvestri

Linearization is a standard approach in the computation of eigenvalues, eigenvectors and invariant subspaces of matrix polynomials and rational matrix value functions. An important source of linearizations are the so called Fiedler…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Namita Behera , Avisek Bist , Volker Mehrmann

Determining and analyzing the spectra of graphs is an important and exciting research topic in theoretical computer science. The eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian of a graph provide information on its structural properties and also on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-20 Pinchen Xie , Zhongzhi Zhang , Francesc Comellas

This work is devoted to the study of the relationships between graph theory and the qualitative analysis of ordinary differential equations, with a special focus on two-dimensional systems. In particular, we reinterpret classical results…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Marcos Masip

The linearization of complex ordinary differential equations is studied by extending Lie's criteria for linearizability to complex functions of complex variables. It is shown that the linearization of complex ordinary differential equations…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-07-25 S. Ali , F. M. Mahomed , Asghar Qadir

This paper studies the unitary diagonalization of matrices over formal power series rings. Our main result shows that a normal matrix is unitarily diagonalizable if and only if its minimal polynomial completely splits over the ring and the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Zihao Dai , Hao Liang , Jingyu Lu , Lihong Zhi