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We derive rigorous bounds on the error resulting from the approximation of the solution of parametric hyperbolic scalar conservation laws with ReLU neural networks. We show that the approximation error can be made as small as desired with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-18 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra

We study the problem of estimating an unknown function from noisy data using shallow ReLU neural networks. The estimators we study minimize the sum of squared data-fitting errors plus a regularization term proportional to the squared…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-24 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

Compared with cheap addition operation, multiplication operation is of much higher computation complexity. The widely-used convolutions in deep neural networks are exactly cross-correlation to measure the similarity between input feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hanting Chen , Yunhe Wang , Chang Xu , Chao Xu , Chunjing Xu , Tong Zhang

There has been a growing interest in expressivity of deep neural networks. However, most of the existing work about this topic focuses only on the specific activation function such as ReLU or sigmoid. In this paper, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-24 Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

We study the approximation capacity of some variation spaces corresponding to shallow ReLU$^k$ neural networks. It is shown that sufficiently smooth functions are contained in these spaces with finite variation norms. For functions with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Yunfei Yang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

This article is concerned with the approximation and expressive powers of deep neural networks. This is an active research area currently producing many interesting papers. The results most commonly found in the literature prove that neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 I. Daubechies , R. DeVore , S. Foucart , B. Hanin , G. Petrova

We study the expressive power of deep ReLU neural networks for approximating functions in dilated shift-invariant spaces, which are widely used in signal processing, image processing, communications and so on. Approximation error bounds are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yunfei Yang , Zhen Li , Yang Wang

Supervised training of neural networks for classification is typically performed with a global loss function. The loss function provides a gradient for the output layer, and this gradient is back-propagated to hidden layers to dictate an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-09 Arild Nøkland , Lars Hiller Eidnes

The celebrated universal approximation theorems for neural networks roughly state that any reasonable function can be arbitrarily well-approximated by a network whose parameters are appropriately chosen real numbers. This paper examines the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 C. Sinan Güntürk , Weilin Li

How many neurons are needed to approximate a target probability distribution using a neural network with a given input distribution and approximation error? This paper examines this question for the case when the input distribution is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Manuj Mukherjee , Aslan Tchamkerten , Mansoor Yousefi

One of the arguments to explain the success of deep learning is the powerful approximation capacity of deep neural networks. Such capacity is generally accompanied by the explosive growth of the number of parameters, which, in turn, leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Zuowei Shen , Haizhao Yang , Shijun Zhang

We contribute to a better understanding of the class of functions that can be represented by a neural network with ReLU activations and a given architecture. Using techniques from mixed-integer optimization, polyhedral theory, and tropical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Christoph Hertrich , Amitabh Basu , Marco Di Summa , Martin Skutella

We consider functions from the real numbers to the real numbers, output by a neural network with 1 hidden activation layer, arbitrary width, and ReLU activation function. We assume that the parameters of the neural network are chosen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 David Holmes

Training neural networks to be certifiably robust is critical to ensure their safety against adversarial attacks. However, it is currently very difficult to train a neural network that is both accurate and certifiably robust. In this work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Maximilian Baader , Matthew Mirman , Martin Vechev

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as an effective tool for channel estimation in wireless communication systems, especially under some imperfect environments. However, even with such unprecedented success, DL methods are often regarded as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Hu Qiang , Gao Feifei , Zhang Hao , Jin Shi , Li Geoffrey Ye

We propose and analyze a new family of algorithms for training neural networks with ReLU activations. Our algorithms are based on the technique of alternating minimization: estimating the activation patterns of each ReLU for all given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Gauri Jagatap , Chinmay Hegde

We investigate properties of neural networks that use both ReLU and $x^2$ as activation functions and build upon previous results to show that both analytic functions and functions in Sobolev spaces can be approximated by such networks of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Vincent P. H. Goverse , Jad Hamdan , Jared Tanner

Complex networks are ubiquitous to several Computer Science domains. Centrality measures are an important analysis mechanism to uncover vital elements of complex networks. However, these metrics have high computational costs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Felipe Grando , Lisando Z. Granville , Luis C. Lamb

Time series forecasting has received a lot of attention, with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) being one of the widely used models due to their ability to handle sequential data. Previous studies on RNN time series forecasting, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Christopher Salazar , Ashis G. Banerjee

Although for neural networks with locally Lipschitz continuous activation functions the classical derivative exists almost everywhere, the standard chain rule is in general not applicable. We will consider a way of introducing a derivative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Julius Berner , Dennis Elbrächter , Philipp Grohs , Arnulf Jentzen