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Referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to localize a target object in an image described by a referring expression phrased in natural language. Different from the object detection task that queried object labels have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Yanyuan Qiao , Chaorui Deng , Qi Wu

Reasoning over tabular data is a crucial capability for tasks like question answering and fact verification, as it requires models to comprehend both free-form questions and semi-structured tables. However, while methods like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qixian Huang , Hongqiang Lin , Tong Fu , Yingsen Wang , Zhenghui Fu , Qirui Wang , Yiding Sun , Dongxu Zhang

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) is a core vision-language segmentation task that enables pixel-level understanding of targets via free-form linguistic expressions, supporting critical applications such as human-robot interaction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yihao Wang , Jusheng Zhang , Ziyi Tang , Keze Wang , Meng Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to enhance the effectiveness of enriching item descriptions, thereby improving the accuracy of recommendation systems. However, most existing approaches either rely on text-only prompting or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hanjia Lyu , Ryan Rossi , Xiang Chen , Md Mehrab Tanjim , Stefano Petrangeli , Somdeb Sarkhel , Jiebo Luo

False positives in pedestrian detection remain a challenge that has yet to be effectively resolved. To address this issue, this paper proposes a Full-stage Refined Proposal (FRP) algorithm aimed at eliminating these false positives within a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qiang Guo , Rubo Zhang , Bingbing Zhang , Junjie Liu , Jianqing Liu

We consider generation and comprehension of natural language referring expression for objects in an image. Unlike generic "image captioning" which lacks natural standard evaluation criteria, quality of a referring expression may be measured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Ruotian Luo , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is a popular multimodal task that aims to accurately detect target objects within a single image based on a given textual expression. However, due to the limitations of earlier models, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Guanghao Jin , Jingpei Wu , Tianpei Guo , Yiyi Niu , Weidong Zhou , Guoyang Liu

A referring expression (RE) is a description that identifies a set of instances unambiguously. Mining REs from data finds applications in natural language generation, algorithmic journalism, and data maintenance. Since there may exist…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Luis Galárraga , Julien Delaunay , Jean-Louis Dessalles

We propose an end-to-end approach to the natural language object retrieval task, which localizes an object within an image according to a natural language description, i.e., referring expression. Previous works divide this problem into two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Fan Wu , Zhongwen Xu , Yi Yang

Most existing approaches to referring segmentation achieve strong performance only through fine-tuning or by composing multiple pre-trained models, often at the cost of additional training and architectural modifications. Meanwhile,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Anna Kukleva , Enis Simsar , Alessio Tonioni , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Federico Tombari , Jan Eric Lenssen , Bernt Schiele

We propose a simple, fast, and accurate one-stage approach to visual grounding, inspired by the following insight. The performances of existing propose-and-rank two-stage methods are capped by the quality of the region candidates they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Zhengyuan Yang , Boqing Gong , Liwei Wang , Wenbing Huang , Dong Yu , Jiebo Luo

Weakly supervised referring expression grounding aims at localizing the referential object in an image according to the linguistic query, where the mapping between the referential object and query is unknown in the training stage. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Xuejing Liu , Liang Li , Shuhui Wang , Zheng-Jun Zha , Dechao Meng , Qingming Huang

In this paper, we address the problem of referring expression comprehension in videos, which is challenging due to complex expression and scene dynamics. Unlike previous methods which solve the problem in multiple stages (i.e., tracking,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Sijie Song , Xudong Lin , Jiaying Liu , Zongming Guo , Shih-Fu Chang

Process reward models (PRMs) that provide dense, step-level feedback have shown promise for reinforcement learning, yet their adoption remains limited by the need for expensive step-level annotations or ground truth references. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Salman Rahman , Sruthi Gorantla , Arpit Gupta , Swastik Roy , Nanyun Peng , Yang Liu

Pre-trained multimodal models have achieved significant success in retrieval-based question answering. However, current multimodal retrieval question-answering models face two main challenges. Firstly, utilizing compressed evidence features…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Shuwen Yang , Anran Wu , Xingjiao Wu , Luwei Xiao , Tianlong Ma , Cheng Jin , Liang He

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have achieved strong results in complex reasoning, but are bottlenecked by costly process-level supervision. A widely used alternative, Monte Carlo Estimation (MCE), defines process rewards as the probability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bin Xie , Bingbing Xu , Xueyun Tian , Yilin Chen , Huawei Shen

Denoising diffusion models show remarkable performances in generative tasks, and their potential applications in perception tasks are gaining interest. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework named DiffRef3D which adopts the diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Se-Ho Kim , Inyong Koo , Inyoung Lee , Byeongjun Park , Changick Kim

Referring detection refers to locate the target referred by natural languages, which has recently attracted growing research interests. However, existing datasets are limited to ground images with large object centered in relative small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Guyue Hu , Hao Song , Yuxing Tong , Duzhi Yuan , Dengdi Sun , Aihua Zheng , Chenglong Li , Jin Tang

Visual Grounding, also known as Referring Expression Comprehension and Phrase Grounding, aims to ground the specific region(s) within the image(s) based on the given expression text. This task simulates the common referential relationships…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Linhui Xiao , Xiaoshan Yang , Xiangyuan Lan , Yaowei Wang , Changsheng Xu

Evaluating the alignment between textual prompts and generated images is critical for ensuring the reliability and usability of text-to-image (T2I) models. However, most existing evaluation methods rely on coarse-grained metrics or static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Fulin Shi , Wenyi Xiao , Bin Chen , Liang Din , Leilei Gan