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Tidal disruption events (TDEs) have traditionally been discovered in optical sky surveys through targeted searches of nuclear transients. However, it is expected that some TDEs will occur outside the galaxy nucleus, arising from wandering…

Tidal disruptions of stars by supermassive black holes produce multi-wavelength emission, of which the optical emission is of ambiguous origin. A unification scenario of tidal disruption events (TDEs) has been proposed to explain the…

The theoretical debris supply rate from a tidal disruption of stars can exceed about one hundred times of the Eddington accretion rate for a $10^{6-7}M_{\odot}$ supermassive black hole (SMBH). It is believed that a strong wind will be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-29 Yuehua Zhang , Qingwen Wu , Jiancheng Wu , Xinwu Cao , Weihua Lei

We present a physically-grounded population model for optical tidal disruption events (TDEs) that combines first-principles hydrodynamic simulations of stellar disruption with statistical inference of the underlying stellar and black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-29 Tsvi Piran , Julian Krolik , Taeho Ryu

Observational evidence suggests that the majority of stars may have been born in stellar clusters or associations. Within these dense environments, dynamical interactions lead to high rates of close stellar encounters. A variety of recent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-28 Kyle Kremer , Wenbin Lu , Anthony L. Piro , Sourav Chatterjee , Frederic A. Rasio , Claire S. Ye

At 66 Mpc, AT2019qiz is the closest optical tidal disruption event (TDE) to date, with a luminosity intermediate between the bulk of the population and iPTF16fnl. Its proximity allowed a very early detection and triggering of…

Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) are processes where stars are torn apart by the strong gravitational force near to a massive or supermassive black hole. If a jet is launched in such a process, particle acceleration may take place in internal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-15 Daniel Biehl , Denise Boncioli , Cecilia Lunardini , Walter Winter

Tidal disruptions of stars by stellar-mass black holes are expected to occur frequently in dense star clusters. Building upon previous studies that performed hydrodynamic simulations of these encounters, we explore the formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Kyle Kremer , Brenna Mockler , Anthony L. Piro , James C. Lombardi

Owing to their thermal emission, tidal disruption events (TDEs) were regularly detected in the soft X-rays and sometimes in the optical. Only a few TDEs have been detected at hard X-rays: two are high redshift beamed events, one of which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-20 Krzysztof Hryniewicz , Roland Walter

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are exotic transients that can lead to temporary super-Eddington accretion onto a supermassive black hole. Such accretion mode is naturally expected to result in powerful outflows of ionized matter. However,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-11 P. Kosec , D. Pasham , E. Kara , F. Tombesi

Observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs) on a timescale of years after the main flare show evidence of continued activity in the form of optical/UV emission, quasi-periodic eruptions, and delayed radio flares. Motivated by this, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-09 Anthony L. Piro , Brenna Mockler

Models for tidal disruption events (TDEs) in which a supermassive black hole disrupts a star commonly assume that the highly eccentric streams of bound stellar debris promptly form a circular accretion disk at the pericenter scale. However,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-07-26 Gilad Svirski , Tsvi Piran , Julian Krolik

We present a systematic analysis of the X-ray emission of a sample of 17 optically selected, X-ray-detected tidal disruption events (TDEs) discovered between 2014 and 2021. The X-ray light curves show a diverse range of temporal behaviors,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-09 Muryel Guolo , Suvi Gezari , Yuhan Yao , Sjoert van Velzen , Erica Hammerstein , S. Bradley Cenko , Yarone M. Tokayer

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are expected to release much of their energy in the far-ultraviolet (UV), which we do not observe directly. However, infrared (IR) observations can observe re-radiation of the optical/UV emission from dust,…

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a star is destroyed by a supermassive black hole. Broadband radio spectral observations of TDEs trace the emission from any outflows or jets that are ejected from the vicinity of the supermassive…

Optical transient surveys have led to the discovery of dozens of stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) by massive black hole in the centers of galaxies. Despite extensive searches, X-ray follow-up observations have produced no or only weak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-23 Xinwen Shu , Wenjie Zhang , Shuo Li , Ning Jiang , Liming Dou , Zhen Yan , Fu-Guo Xie , Rongfeng Shen , Luming Sun , Fukun Liu , Tinggui Wang

One of the puzzles associated with tidal disruption event candidates (TDEs) is that there is a dichotomy between the color temperatures of ${\rm few}\times 10^4$~K for TDEs discovered with optical and UV telescopes, and the color…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-28 Lixin Dai , Jonathan C. McKinney , M. Coleman Miller

This article provides a summary of XMM-Newton highlights on stellar tidal disruption events. First found with ROSAT, ongoing and upcoming sky surveys will detect these events in the 1000s. In X- rays, tidal disruption events (TDEs) provide…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-10 S. Komossa

Close encounter between a star and a supermassive black hole (SMBH) results in the tidal disruption of the star, known as a tidal disruption event (TDE). Recently, a few TDEs, e.g., ASASSN-15oi and AT2018hyz, have shown late-time (hundreds…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-11 Jialun Zhuang , Rong-Feng Shen , Guobin Mou , Wenbin Lu

In the tidal disruption of a star by a black hole, roughly half of the stellar mass becomes bound and falls into the black hole, while the other half is ejected at high velocity. Several previous studies have considered the emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Daniel Kasen , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz