Related papers: Memory systems of the brain

Memory formation in matter is a theme of broad intellectual relevance; it sits at the interdisciplinary crossroads of physics, biology, chemistry, and computer science. Memory connotes the ability to encode, access, and erase signatures of…

This paper proposes an explanation of the cognitive change that occurs as the creative process proceeds. During the initial, intuitive phase, each thought activates, and potentially retrieves information from, a large region containing many…

Interactions with large language models have led to the suggestion that these models may soon be conscious. From the perspective of neuroscience, this position is difficult to defend. For one, the inputs to large language models lack the…

Hippocampal cognitive map---a neuronal representation of the spatial environment---is broadly discussed in the computational neuroscience literature for decades. More recent studies point out that hippocampus plays a major role in producing…

We report short-term memory formation in a nonlinear dynamical system with many degrees of freedom. The system ``remembers'' a sequence of impulses for a transient period, but it coarsens and eventually ``forgets'' nearly all of them. The…

A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to adapt to new situations, by applying learned rules to new content (systematicity) and thereby enabling an open-ended number of inferences and actions (generativity). Here, we propose that…

The human brain is a complex network of interconnected brain regions organized into functional modules with distinct roles in cognition and behavior. An important question concerns the persistence and stability of these modules over the…

Evolution and its intelligence element present thrill and challenges in its exploration. Yet, how species have memory, retrieve them and maintain continuity are the fundamental questions. Most of the phenomenon can only be hypothesised by…

In the current field of agent memory, extensive explorations have been conducted in the area of memory retrieval, yet few studies have focused on exploring the memory content. Most research simply stores summarized versions of historical…

The cerebral cortex spontaneously displays different patterns of activity that evolve over time according to the brain state. Sleep, wakefulness, resting states, and attention are examples of a wide spectrum of physiological states that can…

The brain as an astonishingly remarkable device has been studied from various angles. It is now well known that neurons are the seat of all activities of the brain function. The dynamical properties pertaining to a single neuron and a…

The neural network is a powerful computing framework that has been exploited by biological evolution and by humans for solving diverse problems. Although the computational capabilities of neural networks are determined by their structure,…

The brain is a powerful tool used to achieve amazing feats. There have been several significant advances in neuroscience and artificial brain research in the past two decades. This article is a review of such advances, ranging from the…

Memory has emerged, and will continue to remain, a core capability of foundation model-based agents. As research on agent memory rapidly expands and attracts unprecedented attention, the field has also become increasingly fragmented.…

Intelligence necessitates memory. Without memory, humans fail to perform various nontrivial tasks such as reading novels, playing games or solving maths. As the ultimate goal of machine learning is to derive intelligent systems that learn…

Ever since the last two decades of the past century pioneering studies in the field of statistical physics had focused their efforts on developing models of neural networks that could display memory storage and retrieval. Though many…

LLMs are trained once, then deployed into a world that never stops changing. External memory compensates for this, but most systems manage it explicitly rather than letting it adapt on its own. Biological memory works differently: coupled…

Cognitive maps are a proposed concept on how the brain efficiently organizes memories and retrieves context out of them. The entorhinal-hippocampal complex is heavily involved in episodic and relational memory processing, as well as spatial…

Humans can learn individual episodes and generalizable rules and also successfully retain both kinds of acquired knowledge over time. In the cognitive science literature, (1) learning individual episodes and rules and (2) learning and…

A cognitive architecture aimed at cumulative learning must provide the necessary information and control structures to allow agents to learn incrementally and autonomously from their experience. This involves managing an agent's goals as…