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Recommender systems can be characterized as software solutions that provide users convenient access to relevant content. Traditionally, recommender systems research predominantly focuses on developing machine learning algorithms that aim to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Dietmar Jannach

Recommender systems continuously interact with users, creating feedback loops that shape both individual behavior and collective market dynamics. This paper introduces a simulation framework to model these loops in online retail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Gabriele Barlacchi , Margherita Lalli , Emanuele Ferragina , Fosca Giannotti , Luca Pappalardo

Recommender systems are present in many web applications to guide our choices. They increase sales and benefit sellers, but whether they benefit customers by providing relevant products is questionable. Here we introduce a model to examine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-01-27 Chi Ho Yeung

Recommender systems operate in an inherently dynamical setting. Past recommendations influence future behavior, including which data points are observed and how user preferences change. However, experimenting in production systems with real…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Karl Krauth , Sarah Dean , Alex Zhao , Wenshuo Guo , Mihaela Curmei , Benjamin Recht , Michael I. Jordan

Recommender systems objectives can be broadly characterized as modeling user preferences over short-or long-term time horizon. A large body of previous research studied long-term recommendation through dimensionality reduction techniques…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Kiewan Villatel , Elena Smirnova , Jérémie Mary , Philippe Preux

The content that a recommender system (RS) shows to users influences them. Therefore, when choosing a recommender to deploy, one is implicitly also choosing to induce specific internal states in users. Even more, systems trained via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Micah Carroll , Anca Dragan , Stuart Russell , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

In this work, we introduce the notion of Context-Based Prediction Models. A Context-Based Prediction Model determines the probability of a user's action (such as a click or a conversion) solely by relying on user and contextual features,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jan Hartman , Assaf Klein , Davorin Kopič , Natalia Silberstein

Text-based interactive recommendation provides richer user feedback and has demonstrated advantages over traditional interactive recommender systems. However, recommendations can easily violate preferences of users from their past…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Ruiyi Zhang , Tong Yu , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

In reinforcement learning (RL), agents continually interact with the environment and use the feedback to refine their behavior. To guide policy optimization, reward models are introduced as proxies of the desired objectives, such that when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Rui Yu , Shenghua Wan , Yucen Wang , Chen-Xiao Gao , Le Gan , Zongzhang Zhang , De-Chuan Zhan

Reinforcement learning serves as a potent tool for modeling dynamic user interests within recommender systems, garnering increasing research attention of late. However, a significant drawback persists: its poor data efficiency, stemming…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Julian McAuley , Dietmar Jannach , Lina Yao

In this paper, we propose a theoretically founded sequential strategy for training large-scale Recommender Systems (RS) over implicit feedback, mainly in the form of clicks. The proposed approach consists in minimizing pairwise ranking loss…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Aleksandra Burashnikova , Marianne Clausel , Charlotte Laclau , Frack Iutzeller , Yury Maximov , Massih-Reza Amini

Existing web-scale recommendation systems commonly use supervised learning methods that prioritize immediate user feedback. Although reinforcement learning (RL) offers a solution to optimize longer-term goals, such as in-session engagement,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Mehdi Ben Ayed , Fei Feng , Jay Adams , Vishwakarma Singh , Kritarth Anand , Jiajing Xu

Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based recommender systems have demonstrated promising performance in meeting user expectations by learning to make accurate next-item recommendations from historical user-item interactions. However, existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Jie Wang , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Ioannis Arapakis , Joemon M. Jose

In environments with sparse or delayed rewards, reinforcement learning (RL) incurs high sample complexity due to the large number of interactions needed for learning. This limitation has motivated the use of large language models (LLMs) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Narjes Nourzad , Carlee Joe-Wong

In computational advertising, a challenging problem is how to recommend the bid for advertisers to achieve the best return on investment (ROI) given budget constraint. This paper presents a bid recommendation scenario that discovers the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Deguang Kong , Konstantin Shmakov , Jian Yang

Predicting conversion rate (e.g., the probability that a user will purchase an item) is a fundamental problem in machine learning based recommender systems. However, accurate conversion labels are revealed after a long delay, which harms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Jia-Qi Yang , De-Chuan Zhan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise in optimizing long-term user interest in recommender systems. However, existing RL-based recommendation methods need a large number of interactions for each user to learn a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Yanan Wang , Yong Ge , Li Li , Rui Chen , Tong Xu

Algorithmic recourse seeks to provide individuals with actionable recommendations that increase their chances of receiving favorable outcomes from automated decision systems (e.g., loan approvals). While prior research has emphasized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Marina Ceccon , Alessandro Fabris , Goran Radanović , Asia J. Biega , Gian Antonio Susto

How might we design Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based recommenders that encourage aligning user trajectories with the underlying user satisfaction? Three research questions are key: (1) measuring user satisfaction, (2) combatting sparsity…

Recent years have witnessed success of sequential modeling, generative recommender, and large language model for recommendation. Though the scaling law has been validated for sequential models, it showed inefficiency in computational…