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The nature of dark matter remains one of the most fundamental and unresolved questions in modern cosmology. In most cosmological models, dark matter is typically modeled as pressureless dust with an equation of state (EoS) parameter $w_{\rm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-22 Tian-Nuo Li , Yi-Min Zhang , Yan-Hong Yao , Peng-Ju Wu , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

This manuscript revisits the phenomenological emergent dark energy model (PEDE) by confronting it with recent cosmological data from early and late times. In particular we analyze PEDE model by using the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-11 A. Hernández-Almada , M. L. Mendoza-Martínez , Miguel A. García-Aspeitia , V. Motta

We analyse pre-DESI clustering data using a dark energy equation of state $w(z)$ parametrised by $(w_0, w_a)$, finding a $2.8-3.9\sigma$ preference for evolving dark energy over the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ when combined with cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-16 Zhiyu Lu , Théo Simon , Pierre Zhang

Measurements of the current expansion rate of the Universe, $H_0$, using standard candles, disagree with those derived from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This discrepancy, known as the Hubble tension, is substantial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-05 Sergio Torres-Arzayus

It has been noted that with the pre-recombination early dark energy (EDE) resolution of Hubble tension, the preference of recent datasets for the evolving dark energy (DE) can be suppressed significantly. In this work, we clarify and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-21 Hao Wang , Yun-Song Piao

As an update on the initial findings of DESI, the new results provide the first hint of potential deviations from a cosmological constant ($\omega=-1$), which, if confirmed with significance $>(2-4)\sigma$, would challenge the validity of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Vipin kumar Sharma , Himanshu Chaudhary , Sanved Kolekar

Comprehensive cosmological analysis of an effective non-standard dark matter(NSDM) model, characterized by an equation of state $w_{\mathrm{dm}} = w_2 a^2$, which allows for mild deviations from the previously assumed pressureless cold dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Hao Xu , Xinhe Meng

The Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy (EFTofDE) provides a systematic and model-independent framework to study dark energy (DE) and modified gravity (MG) with one additional scalar degree of freedom. It can describe the known models…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-18 Chi Zheng , Wei Liu , Zonghao Zhan , Wenjuan Fang

Early dark energy (EDE) is one of the most promising possibilities in order to resolve the Hubble tension: the discrepancy between early and late-Universe measurements of the Hubble constant. In this paper we propose a model of a scalar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-12 Lucy Brissenden , Konstantinos Dimopoulos , Samuel Sánchez López

In this work, we consider the cosmological constraints on the new agegraphic dark energy (NADE) proposed in arXiv:0708.0884, by using the observational data of type Ia supernovae (SNIa), the shift parameter from cosmic microwave background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hao Wei , Rong-Gen Cai

In this study we analyze Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data sourced from the Pantheon+ compilation to investigate late-time physics effects influencing the expansion history, $H(z)$, at redshifts $(z < 2)$. Our focus centers on a time-varying…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 Sergio Torres-Arzayus , Camilo Delgado-Correal , Mario-A. Higuera-G. , Sebastian Rueda-Blanco

New insights from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) 2024 baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data, in conjunction with cosmic microwave background (CMB) and Type Ia supernova (SN) data, suggest that dark energy may not be a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-06 Tian-Nuo Li , Yun-He Li , Guo-Hong Du , Peng-Ju Wu , Lu Feng , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

The recent findings from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) indicate a preference for dynamical dark energy at a significance level above $2.5 \sigma$, with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) combined with cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Jose Agustin Lozano Torres , Axel de la Macorra

We present cosmological constraints from the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) discovered during the full five years of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Supernova Program. In contrast to most previous cosmological samples, in which SN are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 DES Collaboration , T. M. C. Abbott , M. Acevedo , M. Aguena , A. Alarcon , S. Allam , O. Alves , A. Amon , F. Andrade-Oliveira , J. Annis , P. Armstrong , J. Asorey , S. Avila , D. Bacon , B. A. Bassett , K. Bechtol , P. H. Bernardinelli , G. M. Bernstein , E. Bertin , J. Blazek , S. Bocquet , D. Brooks , D. Brout , E. Buckley-Geer , D. L. Burke , H. Camacho , R. Camilleri , A. Campos , A. Carnero Rosell , D. Carollo , A. Carr , J. Carretero , F. J. Castander , R. Cawthon , C. Chang , R. Chen , A. Choi , C. Conselice , M. Costanzi , L. N. da Costa , M. Crocce , T. M. Davis , D. L. DePoy , S. Desai , H. T. Diehl , M. Dixon , S. Dodelson , P. Doel , C. Doux , A. Drlica-Wagner , J. Elvin-Poole , S. Everett , I. Ferrero , A. Ferté , B. Flaugher , R. J. Foley , P. Fosalba , D. Friedel , J. Frieman , C. Frohmaier , L. Galbany , J. García-Bellido , M. Gatti , E. Gaztanaga , G. Giannini , K. Glazebrook , O. Graur , D. Gruen , R. A. Gruendl , G. Gutierrez , W. G. Hartley , K. Herner , S. R. Hinton , D. L. Hollowood , K. Honscheid , D. Huterer , B. Jain , D. J. James , N. Jeffrey , E. Kasai , L. Kelsey , S. Kent , R. Kessler , A. G. Kim , R. P. Kirshner , E. Kovacs , K. Kuehn , O. Lahav , J. Lee , S. Lee , G. F. Lewis , T. S. Li , C. Lidman , H. Lin , U. Malik , J. L. Marshall , P. Martini , J. Mena-Fernández , F. Menanteau , R. Miquel , J. J. Mohr , J. Mould , J. Muir , A. Möller , E. Neilsen , R. C. Nichol , P. Nugent , R. L. C. Ogando , A. Palmese , Y. -C. Pan , M. Paterno , W. J. Percival , M. E. S. Pereira , A. Pieres , A. A. Plazas Malagón , B. Popovic , A. Porredon , J. Prat , H. Qu , M. Raveri , M. Rodríguez-Monroy , A. K. Romer , A. Roodman , B. Rose , M. Sako , E. Sanchez , D. Sanchez Cid , M. Schubnell , D. Scolnic , I. Sevilla-Noarbe , P. Shah , J. Allyn. Smith , M. Smith , M. Soares-Santos , E. Suchyta , M. Sullivan , N. Suntzeff , M. E. C. Swanson , B. O. Sánchez , G. Tarle , G. Taylor , D. Thomas , C. To , M. Toy , M. A. Troxel , B. E. Tucker , D. L. Tucker , S. A. Uddin , M. Vincenzi , A. R. Walker , N. Weaverdyck , R. H. Wechsler , J. Weller , W. Wester , P. Wiseman , M. Yamamoto , F. Yuan , B. Zhang , Y. Zhang

We present a Dark Energy (DE) model with a sound derivation as a natural extension of the Standard Model of particle physics with no free parameters and an excellent fit with current cosmological data improving by 21% the $\Lambda$CDM fit…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-24 A. de la Macorra , E. Almaraz

Early dark energy (EDE) that behaves like a cosmological constant at early times (redshifts $z\gtrsim3000$) and then dilutes away like radiation or faster at later times can solve the Hubble tension. In these models, the sound horizon at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-12 Vivian Poulin , Tristan L. Smith , Tanvi Karwal , Marc Kamionkowski

Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) observations, when combined with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Type Ia supernovae (SNe), have led to statistically significant dynamical dark energy (DDE) claims. In this letter we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-28 Eoin Ó Colgáin , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

In this paper, we introduce two coupling models of early dark energy (EDE) and cold dark matter aimed at alleviating cosmological tensions. We utilize the EDE component in the coupling models to relieve the Hubble tension, while leveraging…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-24 Gang Liu , Jiaze Gao , Yufen Han , Yuhao Mu , Lixin Xu

Early Dark Energy (EDE) relies on scalar field dynamics to resolve the Hubble tension, by boosting the pre-recombination length scales and thereby raising the CMB-inferred value of the Hubble constant into agreement with late universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-23 Vivian I. Sabla , Robert R. Caldwell

Recently \citet{PEDE:2019ApJ} proposed a phenomenologically emergent dark energy (PEDE) which consider that the dark energy density evolves as $\widetilde{\Omega}_{\rm{DE}}(z)\,=\,\Omega_{\rm{DE,0}}\left[ 1 - {\rm{tanh}}\left(…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 A. Hernández-Almada , Genly Leon , Juan Magaña , Miguel A. García-Aspeitia , V. Motta