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The problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation has been studied for decades as an essential technology in enabling radar, wireless communications, and array signal processing related applications. In this paper, the DOA estimation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Peng Chen , Zhimin Chen , Zhenxin Cao , Xianbin Wang

Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation have highlighted its superiority over traditional methods, offering faster inference, enhanced super-resolution, and robust performance in low…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-07 Ruxin Zheng , Shunqiao Sun , Hongshan Liu , Honglei Chen , Mojtaba Soltanalian , Jian Li

Significant progress has been made in ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technology for pipe signal processing and defect imaging recently. However, developing a defect localization and imaging algorithm that requires fewer parameters, offers a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Shuangshuang Li , Kai Zhao

In this paper, we show that a multi-mode antenna (MMA) is an interesting alternative to a conventional phased antenna array for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. By MMA we mean a single physical radiator with multiple ports, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-14 Robert Pöhlmann , Sami Alkubti Almasri , Siwei Zhang , Thomas Jost , Armin Dammann , Peter A. Hoeher

We propose Sensitivity-Uncertainty Alignment (SUA), a framework for analyzing failures of large language models under adversarial and ambiguous inputs. We argue that adversarial sensitivity and ambiguity reflect a common issue: misalignment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Prakul Sunil Hiremath , Harshit R. Hiremath

In this paper, we present an analytical framework for the joint characterization of the 3D direction of arrival (DoA), i.e., azimuth and elevation components, and time of arrival (ToA) in multipath environments. The analytical framework is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo , Antonio Alex-Amor , Rubén Medina , Pablo Padilla , Juan F. Valenzuela-Valdés

In radar sensing and communications, designing Doppler resilient sequences (DRSs) with low ambiguity function for delay over the entire signal duration and Doppler shift over the entire signal bandwidth is an extremely difficult task.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Zhifan Ye , Zhengchun Zhou , Pingzhi Fan , Zilong Liu , Xianfu Lei , Xiaohu Tang

We consider a mixed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based architecture for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using a uniform linear array (ULA). We derive the Cram{\'e}r-Rao bound (CRB) of the DOA under the optimal time-varying…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Xinnan Zhang , Yuanbo Cheng , Xiaolei Shang , Jun liu

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems play an essential role in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. A large number of antennas used in a MIMO system imposes a huge complexity burden on the popular DOA estimation algorithms, such…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-16 Md Imrul Hasan , Mohammad Saquib

In this paper, we study the problem of direction of arrival estimation and model order selection for systems employing subarray sampling. Thereby, we focus on scenarios, where the number of active sources is not smaller than the number of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Andreas Barthelme , Wolfgang Utschick

Distorted sensors could occur randomly and may lead to the breakdown of a sensor array system. We consider an array model within which a small number of sensors are distorted by unknown sensor gain and phase errors. With such an array…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Huiping Huang , Qi Liu , Hing Cheung So , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

A novel approach combining agile beam switching with deep learning to enhance the speed and accuracy of Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation for millimeter-wave (mmWave) phased array systems with low-complexity hardware implementations is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Arav Sharma , Lei Chi , Ari Gebhardt , Alon S. Levin , Timothy R. Hoerning , Sam Keene

This work analyses the performance-complexity tradeoff for different direction of arrival (DoA) estimation techniques. Such tradeoff is investigated taking into account uniform linear array structures. Several DoA estimation techniques have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Edno Gentilho , Paulo Rogério Scalassara , Taufik Abrão

We address the challenging problem of estimating the directions-of-arrival (DOAs) of multiple off-grid signals using a single snapshot of one-bit quantized measurements. Conventional DOA estimation methods face difficulties in tackling this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-23 Yunqiao Hu , Shunqiao Sun , Yimin D. Zhang

Given a network of receivers and transmitters, the process of determining their positions from measured pseudoranges is known as network self-calibration. In this paper we consider 2D networks with synchronized receivers but unsynchronized…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-23 Luca Ferranti , Kalle Åström , Magnus Oskarsson , Jani Boutellier , Juho Kannala

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is widely applied in acoustic source localization. A multi-frequency model is suitable for characterizing the broadband structure in acoustic signals. In this paper, the continuous (gridless) DOA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-22 Yifan Wu , Michael B. Wakin , Peter Gerstoft

In the practical radar with multiple antennas, the antenna imperfections degrade the system performance. In this paper, the problem of estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) in multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radar system with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Peng Chen , Zhenxin Cao , Zhimin Chen , Xianbin Wang

Stability of linear systems with uncertain bounded time-varying delays is studied under assumption that the nominal delay values are not equal to zero. An input-output approach to stability of such systems is known to be based on the bound…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eugenii Shustin , Emilia Fridman

In this paper, we introduce a family of novel sparse array designs called the augmented ULAs (AULAs) for the localization of non-circular signals (NCS). Accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and the ability to resolve multiple…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Abdul Hayee Shaikh , Xiaoguang Liu

Gridless direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with multiple frequencies can be applied in acoustics source localization problems. We formulate this as an atomic norm minimization (ANM) problem and derive an equivalent regularization-free…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-15 Yifan Wu , Michael B. Wakin , Peter Gerstoft