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Training instabilities such as loss spikes are frequently the result of stochastic gradient noise. Because of rare expressions in language training data, and multiple layer composition, the noise impact is heavy-tailed and survives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zitao Song , Cedar Site Bai , Zhe Zhang , Brian Bullins , David F. Gleich

We consider a first order stochastic optimization framework where, at each iteration, $K$ independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) data point samples are drawn, based on which stochastic gradients can be queried. We allow gradient noise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Manojlo Vukovic , Dusan Jakovetic

In this paper, we propose a new accelerated stochastic first-order method called clipped-SSTM for smooth convex stochastic optimization with heavy-tailed distributed noise in stochastic gradients and derive the first high-probability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-26 Eduard Gorbunov , Marina Danilova , Alexander Gasnikov

We study the problem of detecting a random walk on a graph from a sequence of noisy measurements at every node. There are two hypotheses: either every observation is just meaningless zero-mean Gaussian noise, or at each time step exactly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-29 Ameya Agaskar , Yue M. Lu

We study the distributed stochastic optimization (DSO) problem under a heavy-tailed noise condition by utilizing a multi-agent system. Despite the extensive research on DSO algorithms used to solve DSO problems under light-tailed noise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Zhan Yu , Lan Liao , Deming Yuan , Daniel W. C. Ho , Ding-Xuan Zhou

This paper considers the smooth bilevel optimization in which the lower-level problem is strongly convex and the upper-level problem is possibly nonconvex. We focus on the stochastic setting where the algorithm can access the unbiased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zhuanghua Liu , Luo Luo

We consider the problem of estimating a rank-one nonsymmetric matrix under additive white Gaussian noise. The matrix to estimate can be written as the outer product of two vectors and we look at the special case in which both vectors are…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-10-12 Clément Luneau , Nicolas Macris , Jean Barbier

Estimating the rank of a corrupted data matrix is an important task in data analysis, most notably for choosing the number of components in PCA. Significant progress on this task was achieved using random matrix theory by characterizing the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Boris Landa , Thomas T. C. K. Zhang , Yuval Kluger

To recover a low rank structure from a noisy matrix, truncated singular value decomposition has been extensively used and studied. Recent studies suggested that the signal can be better estimated by shrinking the singular values. We pursue…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-25 Julie Josse , Sylvain Sardy

High-dimensional linear regression under heavy-tailed noise or outlier corruption is challenging, both computationally and statistically. Convex approaches have been proven statistically optimal but suffer from high computational costs,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-11 Yinan Shen , Jingyang Li , Jian-Feng Cai , Dong Xia

We consider a spiked random matrix model obtained by applying a function entrywise to a signal-plus-noise symmetric data matrix. We prove that the largest eigenvalue of this model, which we call a transformed spiked Wigner matrix, exhibits…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Aro Lee , Ji Oon Lee

We study the statistical decision process of detecting the signal from a `signal+noise' type matrix model with an additive Wigner noise. We propose a hypothesis test based on the linear spectral statistics of the data matrix, which does not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Ji Hyung Jung , Hye Won Chung , Ji Oon Lee

In this paper we consider the trace regression model. Assume that we observe a small set of entries or linear combinations of entries of an unknown matrix $A_0$ corrupted by noise. We propose a new rank penalized estimator of $A_0$. For…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-14 Olga Klopp

We consider the multivariate response regression problem with a regression coefficient matrix of low, unknown rank. In this setting, we analyze a new criterion for selecting the optimal reduced rank. This criterion differs notably from the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-30 Xin Bing , Marten Wegkamp

We consider the problem of estimating the factors of a rank-$1$ matrix with i.i.d. Gaussian, rank-$1$ measurements that are nonlinearly transformed and corrupted by noise. Considering two prototypical choices for the nonlinearity, we study…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Kabir Aladin Chandrasekher , Mengqi Lou , Ashwin Pananjady

We consider the problem of estimating the state transition matrix of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system, given access to multiple independent trajectories sampled from the system. Several recent papers have conducted a non-asymptotic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Vinay Kanakeri , Aritra Mitra

Many applications involve estimation of a signal matrix from a noisy data matrix. In such cases, it has been observed that estimators that shrink or truncate the singular values of the data matrix perform well when the signal matrix has…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-20 David Gerard , Peter Hoff

Heavy-tailed stochastic gradient noise, commonly observed in transformer models, can destabilize the optimization process. Recent works mainly focus on developing and understanding approaches to address heavy-tailed noise in the centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Junfei Sun , Dixi Yao , Xuchen Gong , Tahseen Rabbani , Manzil Zaheer , Tian Li

A random walk (or a Wiener process), possibly with drift, is observed in a noisy or delayed fashion. The problem considered in this paper is to estimate the first time \tau the random walk reaches a given level. Specifically, the p-moment…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-22 Marat V. Burnashev , Aslan Tchamkerten

We propose a new pivotal method for estimating high-dimensional matrices. Assume that we observe a small set of entries or linear combinations of entries of an unknown matrix $A\_0$ corrupted by noise. We propose a new method for estimating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Olga Klopp , Stéphane Gaiffas