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Related papers: Maximal Sets of Equiangular Lines

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A set of lines in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is called equiangular if the angle between each pair of lines is the same. We address the question of determining the maximum size of equiangular line sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$, using semidefinite programming…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-27 Alexander Barg , Wei-Hsuan Yu

A set of lines through the origin in Euclidean space is called equiangular when any pair of lines from the set intersects with each other at a common angle. We study the maximum size of equiangular lines in Euclidean space and use graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Yen-chi Roger Lin , Wei-Hsuan Yu

A set of lines through the origin is called equiangular if every pair of lines defines the same angle, and the maximum size of an equiangular set of lines in $\mathbb{R}^n$ was studied extensively for the last 70 years. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-24 Igor Balla , Benny Sudakov

We show that the maximum cardinality of an equiangular line system in 17 dimensions is 48, thereby solving a longstanding open problem. Furthermore, by giving an explicit construction, we improve the lower bound on the maximum cardinality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Gary R. W. Greaves , Jeven Syatriadi , Pavlo Yatsyna

We show that the maximum cardinality of an equiangular line system in 14 and 16 dimensions is 28 and 40, respectively, thereby solving a longstanding open problem. We also improve the upper bounds on the cardinality of equiangular line…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-20 Gary R. W. Greaves , Jeven Syatriadi , Pavlo Yatsyna

We obtain several new results contributing to the theory of real equiangular line systems. Among other things, we present a new general lower bound on the maximum number of equiangular lines in d dimensional Euclidean space; we describe the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-03 G. Greaves , J. H. Koolen , A. Munemasa , F. Szöllősi

The absolute upper bound on the number of equiangular lines that can be found in $\mathbf{R}^d$ is $d(d+1)/2$. Examples of sets of lines that saturate this bound are only known to exist in dimensions $d=2,3,7$ or $23$. By considering the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-11-20 Neil I. Gillespie

A set of vectors of equal norm in $\mathbb{C}^d$ represents equiangular lines if the magnitudes of the inner product of every pair of distinct vectors in the set are equal. The maximum size of such a set is $d^2$, and it is conjectured that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-13 Jonathan Jedwab , Amy Wiebe

Expository article on the problem of determining the maximum number of equiangular lines with a fixed angle, and the associated problem of second eigenvalue multiplicity in graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Yufei Zhao

This thesis is a study of large sets of unit vectors in $\cx^n$ such that the absolute value of their standard inner products takes on only a small number of values. We begin with bounds: what is the maximal size of a set of lines with only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-06 Aidan Roy

Planar point sets with many triple lines (which contain at least three distinct points of the set) have been studied for 180 years, started with Jackson and followed by Sylvester. Green and Tao has shown recently that the maximum possible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-26 György Elekes , Endre Szabó

In this paper, claims by Lemmens and Seidel in 1973 about equiangular sets of lines with angle $1/5$ are proved by carefully analyzing pillar decompositions, with the aid of the uniqueness of two-graphs on $276$ vertices. The Neumann…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-30 Yen-chi Roger Lin , Wei-Hsuan Yu

We investigate the maximum number of intersections between two polygons with p and q vertices, respectively, in the plane. The cases where p or q is even or the polygons do not have to be simple are quite easy and already known, but when p…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-11 Felix Günther

In 1973, Lemmens and Seidel posed the problem of determining the maximum number of equiangular lines in $\mathbb{R}^r$ with angle $\arccos(\alpha)$ and gave a partial answer in the regime $r \leq 1/\alpha^2 - 2$. At the other extreme where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Igor Balla

The construction of optimal line packings in real or complex Euclidean spaces has shown to be a tantalizingly difficult task, because it includes the problem of finding maximal sets of equiangular lines. In the regime where equiangular…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-18 Bernhard G. Bodmann , John I. Haas

Erd\H{o}s and Fishburn studied the maximum number of points in the plane that span $k$ distances and classified these configurations, as an inverse problem of the Erd\H{o}s distinct distances problem. We consider the analogous problem for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Eyvindur A. Palsson , Edward Yu

Suppose $\mathcal{X}$ is an $n$-correct set of nodes in the plane, that is, it admits a unisolvent interpolation with bivariate polynomials of total degree less than or equal to $n.$ Then an algebraic curve $q$ of degree $k\le n$ can pass…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-16 H. Hakopian , G. Vardanyan , N. Vardanyan

Large sets of equiangular lines are constructed from sets of mutually unbiased bases, over both the complex and the real numbers.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-23 Jonathan Jedwab , Amy Wiebe

In this note, we study the maximum number $N_\alpha(d)$ of a system of equiangular lines in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with cosine $\alpha$, where $\frac{1}{\alpha}$ is not an odd positive integer. This note is motivated by a remark in a $2018$ paper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-10 Mengyue Cao , Jack H. Koolen , Jae Young Yang

We derive a procedure for computing an upper bound on the number of equiangular lines in various Euclidean vector spaces by generalizing the classical pillar decomposition developed by (Lemmens and Seidel, 1973); namely, we use linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-28 Emily J. King , Xiaoxian Tang
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