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Related papers: Limitations of Implicit Bias in Matrix Sensing: In…

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Gradient-based deep-learning algorithms exhibit remarkable performance in practice, but it is not well-understood why they are able to generalize despite having more parameters than training examples. It is believed that implicit bias is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Gal Vardi

Works on implicit regularization have studied gradient trajectories during the optimization process to explain why deep networks favor certain kinds of solutions over others. In deep linear networks, it has been shown that gradient descent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Dan Zhao

We study implicit regularization when optimizing an underdetermined quadratic objective over a matrix $X$ with gradient descent on a factorization of $X$. We conjecture and provide empirical and theoretical evidence that with small enough…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-26 Suriya Gunasekar , Blake Woodworth , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Behnam Neyshabur , Nathan Srebro

Mathematically characterizing the implicit regularization induced by gradient-based optimization is a longstanding pursuit in the theory of deep learning. A widespread hope is that a characterization based on minimization of norms may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Noam Razin , Nadav Cohen

One explanation for the strong generalization ability of neural networks is implicit bias. Yet, the definition and mechanism of implicit bias in non-linear contexts remains little understood. In this work, we propose to characterize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Jingwei Li , Jing Xu , Zifan Wang , Huishuai Zhang , Jingzhao Zhang

Deep linear networks trained with gradient descent yield low rank solutions, as is typically studied in matrix factorization. In this paper, we take a step further and analyze implicit rank regularization in autoencoders. We show greedy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Shih-Yu Sun , Vimal Thilak , Etai Littwin , Omid Saremi , Joshua M. Susskind

This paper rigorously shows how over-parameterization changes the convergence behaviors of gradient descent (GD) for the matrix sensing problem, where the goal is to recover an unknown low-rank ground-truth matrix from near-isotropic linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Nuoya Xiong , Lijun Ding , Simon S. Du

When optimizing over-parameterized models, such as deep neural networks, a large set of parameters can achieve zero training error. In such cases, the choice of the optimization algorithm and its respective hyper-parameters introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Gauthier Gidel , Francis Bach , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Untrained large neural networks, just after random initialization, tend to favour a small subset of classes, assigning high predicted probabilities to these few classes and approximately zero probability to all others. This bias, termed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Nicholas Pellegrino , David Szczecina , Paul W. Fieguth

Matrix factorization models have been extensively studied as a valuable test-bed for understanding the implicit biases of overparameterized models. Although both low nuclear norm and low rank regularization have been studied for these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiwei Bai , Jiajie Zhao , Yaoyu Zhang

In this paper we study the problem of recovering a low-rank matrix from linear measurements. Our algorithm, which we call Procrustes Flow, starts from an initial estimate obtained by a thresholding scheme followed by gradient descent on a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-08 Stephen Tu , Ross Boczar , Max Simchowitz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Benjamin Recht

The implicit biases of gradient-based optimization algorithms are conjectured to be a major factor in the success of modern deep learning. In this work, we investigate the implicit bias of gradient flow and gradient descent in two-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Spencer Frei , Gal Vardi , Peter L. Bartlett , Nathan Srebro , Wei Hu

Consider a movie recommendation system where apart from the ratings information, side information such as user's age or movie's genre is also available. Unlike standard matrix completion, in this setting one should be able to predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-05 Prateek Jain , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Initialization of neural network parameters, such as weights and biases, has a crucial impact on learning performance; if chosen well, we can even avoid the need for additional training with backpropagation. For example, algorithms based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hikaru Homma , Jun Ohkubo

Deep learning systems are known to exhibit implicit regularization (alt. implicit bias), favoring simple solutions instead of merely minimizing the loss function. In some cases, we can analytically derive the implicit regularization --…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Joseph H. Rudoler , Kevin Tan , Giles Hooker , Konrad P. Kording

Recently, there has been significant progress in understanding the convergence and generalization properties of gradient-based methods for training overparameterized learning models. However, many aspects including the role of small random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Dominik Stöger , Changzhi Xie

We consider the problem of recovering low-rank matrices from random rank-one measurements, which spans numerous applications including covariance sketching, phase retrieval, quantum state tomography, and learning shallow polynomial neural…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yuanxin Li , Cong Ma , Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi

A leading hypothesis for the surprising generalization of neural networks is that the dynamics of gradient descent bias the model towards simple solutions, by searching through the solution space in an incremental order of complexity. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Daniel Gissin , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Amit Daniely

This work revisits the classical low-rank matrix factorization problem and unveils the critical role of initialization in shaping convergence rates for such nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization. We introduce Nystrom initialization, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Bingcong Li , Liang Zhang , Aryan Mokhtari , Niao He

We present experiments demonstrating that some other form of capacity control, different from network size, plays a central role in learning multilayer feed-forward networks. We argue, partially through analogy to matrix factorization, that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Behnam Neyshabur , Ryota Tomioka , Nathan Srebro