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We study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) resulting from the illumination of plasmonic nanostructures with a short laser pulse. We show that both the inhomogeneities of the local electric field and the confinement of the electron motion…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 M. F. Ciappina , Srdjan S. Acimovic , T. Shaaran , J. Biegert , R. Quidant , M. Lewenstein

Dynamical control of the nonlinear optical properties of solids -- with light itself -- will be essential for future ultrafast photonic technologies. Previously, methods to modulate nonlinear processes including second-harmonic generation…

The in-plane anisotropic properties of two-dimensional (2D) group IV monochalcogenides provide an additional degree of freedom which can be used in future optoelectronic devices. Here, it is shown that the third harmonic generation (THG)…

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has emerged as a versatile platform for exploring ultrafast and quantum-coherent phenomena in condensed matter. Recent advances reveal Berry-phase and topological effects in harmonic emission,…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-20 Marcelo F. Ciappina

We present theoretical studies of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) produced by non-homogeneous fields as resulting from the illumination of plasmonic nanostructures with a short laser pulse. We show that both the inhomogeneity of the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 M. F. Ciappina , J. Biegert , R. Quidant , M. Lewenstein

We generate high-order harmonics at high pulse repetition rates using a turnkey laser. High-order harmonics at 400 kHz are observed when argon is used as target gas. In neon we achieve generation of photons with energies exceeding 90 eV…

High harmonic generation (HHG) is an established means of producing coherent, short wavelength, ultrafast pulses from a compact set-up. Table-top high-harmonic sources are increasingly being used to image physical and biological systems…

Third-harmonic generation (THG) is a key nonlinear optical process for ultrafast imaging, terahertz (THz) signal generation, and symmetry-sensitive probes, often dominating in centrosymmetric materials where lower-order responses vanish.…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-09 Sanjay Sarkar , Debottam Mandal , Amit Agarwal

We have studied on optical second harmonic generations (SHGs) from atomically thin MoTe2 flakes with 2H and 1T' phases. From 2H-MoTe2 samples with odd (even) numbers of layers, strong (negligible) SHGs are observed due to the…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-25 Yu Song , Ruijuan Tian , Jiulong Yang , Rui Yin , Jianlin Zhao , Xuetao Gan

Recent experiments and calculations in topological semimetals have observed anomalously strong second-order optical nonlinearity, but yet whether the enhancement also occurs at surfaces of topological semimetals in general remains an open…

A comparative experimental investigation of the dependence of second harmonic generation (SHG) on applied external voltage between the standard nematic liquid crystalline material and an analogue ferromagnetic nematic liquid crystalline…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-09-30 Jure Brence , Luka Cmok , Nerea Sebastian , Alenka Mertelj , Darja Lisjak , Irena Drevensek-Olenik

A comprehensive analysis of second harmonic generation (SHG) in a diatomic zincblende crystal based on the Simplified Bond Hyperpolarizability Model (SBHM), Group Theory (GT) is presented. The third rank tensor between the two approaches…

Giant second-harmonic generation (SHG) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is observed in a thin film of an s-wave superconductor NbN, where the time-reversal ($\mathcal{T}$-) and space-inversion ($\mathcal{P}$-) symmetries are…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-08-31 Sachiko Nakamura , Kota Katsumi , Hirotaka Terai , Ryo Shimano

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) has been measured for the first time in reflection from the nanometer-thick films (6 to 40 nm) of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 using 1.51 eV (820 nm) Ti:Sapphire laser photons and revealed a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Yuri D. Glinka , Sercan Babakiray , Trent A. Johnson , Mikel B. Holcomb , David Lederman

We theoretically investigate the second harmonic generation (SHG) of topological insulator surface states in a perpendicular magnetic field. Our theory is based on the microscopic expression of the second-order magneto-optical conductivity…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Kainan Chang , Muhammad Zubair , Jin Luo Cheng , Wang-Kong Tse

Second-harmonic generation allows for coherently bridging distant regions of the optical spectrum, with applications ranging from laser technology to self-referencing of frequency combs. However, accessing the nonlinear response of a medium…

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a coherent nonlinear phenomenon that plays an important role in laser color conversion. Lithium niobate (LN), which features both a large band gap and outstanding second-order nonlinearities, acts as an…

Second harmonic generation is a powerful tool directly connected to the symmetry of materials. Phase transitions, lattice rotations or electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic compounds can be revealed by using second harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-11 Pablo Molina , Mariola O Ramirez , Basilio J. Garcia , Luisa E. Bausa

Higgs spectroscopy is a new field in which Higgs modes in nonequilibrium superconductors are analyzed to gain information about the ground state. One experimental setup in which the Higgs mode in s-wave superconductors was observed is…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-05-26 Lukas Schwarz , Dirk Manske

High-harmonic generation (HHG), an extreme nonlinear effect, introduces an unprecedented paradigm to detect emergent quantum phases and electron dynamics inconceivable in the framework of linear and low-order nonlinear processes. As an…