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Quantum spin liquids are exotic quantum phases of matter that do not order even at zero temperature. While there are several toy models and simple Hamiltonians that could host a quantum spin liquid as their ground state, it is very rare to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-02 A. Kshetrimayum , C. Balz , B. Lake , J. Eisert

We study the exact low energy spectra of the spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on small samples of the kagom\'e lattice of up to N=36 sites. In agreement with the conclusions of previous authors, we find that these low energy spectra…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ch. Waldtmann , H. -U. Everts , B. Bernu , P. Sindzingre , C. Lhuillier , P. Lecheminant , L. Pierre

Unlike conventional magnets where the magnetic moments are partially or completely static in the ground state, in a quantum spin liquid they remain in collective motion down to the lowest temperatures. The importance of this state is that…

Effect of uniaxial single-ion anisotropy upon magnetic properties of a mixed spin-1/2 and spin-S (S>=1) Ising model on a bathroom tile (4-8) lattice is examined within the framework of an exact star-triangle mapping transformation. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jozef Strecka

While phase transitions between magnetic analogs of three states of matter --- a long-range ordered state, paramagnet, and spin liquid --- have been extensively studied, the possibility of "liquid-liquid" transitions, namely, between…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-04-05 Joji Nasu , Yasuyuki Kato , Junki Yoshitake , Yoshitomo Kamiya , Yukitoshi Motome

Besides the exactly solvable spin-1/2 Kitaev model, higher spin-$S$ ones, not exactly solvable, are promising playgrounds for researches on the quantum spin liquid as well. One of the main interests in higher spin-S cases is the interplay…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-30 Tohru Mashiko , Tsuyoshi Okubo

In this work, we investigate the Kitaev honeycomb model employing the recently developed Clifford Circuits Augmented Matrix Product States (CAMPS) method. While the model in the gapped phase is known to reduce to the toric code model -…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-26 Xiang Li , Xiangjian Qian , Mingpu Qin

The Kitaev material $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ is among the most prominent candidates to host a quantum spin-liquid state endowed with fractionalized excitations. Recent experimental and theoretical investigations have separately revealed the…

In this work we investigate the ground state properties of a candidate quantum spin liquid using a superconducting Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) device. Specifically, we study the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a Kagome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Tim Weaving , Alexis Ralli , Vinul Wimalaweera , Peter J. Love , Peter V. Coveney

The quantum dimer magnet, with antiferromagnetic intradimer and interdimer Heisenberg exchange between spin-1/2 moments, is known to host an up/down - down/up singlet ground state when the intradimer exchange is dominant. Rare-earth-based…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-10 A. Brassington , Q. Ma , G. Duan , S. Calder , A. I. Kolesnikov , K. M. Taddei , G. Sala , E. S. Choi , H. Wang , W. Xie , B. A. Frandsen , N. Li , X. F. Sun , C. Liu , R. Yu , H. D. Zhou , A. A. Aczel

We study the spin-$1/2$ ferromagnetic Heisenberg-Kitaev-$\Gamma$ model in the anisotropic (Toric code) limit to reveal the nature of the quantum phase transition between the gapped $Z_2$ quantum spin liquid and a spin ordered phase (driven…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-01-04 Animesh Nanda , Kusum Dhochak , Subhro Bhattacharjee

We present results on entropy and heat-capacity of the spin-S honeycomb-lattice Kitaev models using high-temperature series expansions and thermal pure quantum (TPQ) state methods. We study models with anisotropic couplings $J_z=1\ge…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-12-12 J. Oitmaa , A. Koga , R. R. P. Singh

Two-dimensional coherent terahertz spectroscopy (2DCS) emerges as a valuable tool to probe the nature, couplings, and lifetimes of excitations in quantum materials. It thus promises to identify unique signatures of spin liquid states in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-22 Yihua Qiang , Victor L. Quito , Thaís V. Trevisan , Peter P. Orth

Motivated by the recent synthesis of two insulating Li$_2$IrO$_3$ polymorphs, where Ir$^{4+}$ $S_{eff}$=1/2 moments form 3D ("harmonic") honeycomb structures with threefold coordination, we study magnetic Hamiltonians on the resulting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-11-26 Itamar Kimchi , James G. Analytis , Ashvin Vishwanath

Recently it was realized that the zigzag magnetic order in Kitaev materials can be stabilized by small negative off-diagonal interactions called the $\Gamma'$ terms. To fully understand the effect of the $\Gamma'$ interactions, we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-10-21 Jiucai Wang , Qirong Zhao , Xiaoqun Wang , Zheng-Xin Liu

We study the spin-$S$ Kitaev model in the classical ($S \to \infty$) limit using Monte Carlo simulations combined with semi-classical spin dynamics. We discuss differences and similarities in the dynamical structure factors of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-10-11 A. M. Samarakoon , A. Banerjee , S. -S. Zhang , Y. Kamiya , S. E. Nagler , D. A. Tennant , S. -H. Lee , C. D. Batista

Anyonic excitations emerging from a Kitaev spin liquid can form a basis for quantum computers. Searching for such excitations motivated intense research on the honeycomb iridate materials. However, access to a spin liquid ground state has…

Quantum spin liquids are materials that feature quantum entangled spin correlations and avoid magnetic long-range order at T = 0 K. Particularly interesting are two-dimensional honeycomb spin lattices where a plethora of exotic quantum spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-11-20 C. Wessler , B. Roessli , K. W. Krämer , B. Delley , O. Waldmann , L. Keller , D. Cheptiakov , H. B. Braun , M. Kenzelmann

We explore spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnets with both easy-plane and lattice exchange anisotropies by employing a dual vortex mapping followed by a fermionization of the vortices. Over a broad range of exchange anisotropy, this approach…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 Jason Alicea , Olexei I. Motrunich , Matthew P. A. Fisher

Kitaev spin liquid is proposed to be promisingly realized in low spin-orbit coupling $3d$ systems, represented by Na$_3$Co$_2$SbO$_6$ and Na$_3$Ni$_2$BiO$_6$. However, the existence of Kitaev interaction is still debatable among…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-06-10 Zefeng Chen , Binhua Zhang , Weiqin Zhu , Lianchuang Li , Boyu Liu , Junsheng Feng , Changsong Xu , Hongjun Xiang