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Natural language (NL) toolkits enable visualization developers, who may not have a background in natural language processing (NLP), to create natural language interfaces (NLIs) for end-users to flexibly specify and interact with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Rishab Mitra , Arpit Narechania , Alex Endert , John Stasko

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in translating natural language (NL) queries into visualizations, but their "black-box" nature often limits explainability and debuggability. In response, we present a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Subham Sah , Rishab Mitra , Arpit Narechania , Alex Endert , John Stasko , Wenwen Dou

We introduce VL2NL, a Large Language Model (LLM) framework that generates rich and diverse NL datasets using only Vega-Lite specifications as input, thereby streamlining the development of Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) for data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hyung-Kwon Ko , Hyeon Jeon , Gwanmo Park , Dae Hyun Kim , Nam Wook Kim , Juho Kim , Jinwook Seo

The field of data visualisation has long aimed to devise solutions for generating visualisations directly from natural language text. Research in Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) has contributed towards the development of such techniques.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Paula Maddigan , Teo Susnjak

Utilizing Visualization-oriented Natural Language Interfaces (V-NLI) as a complementary input modality to direct manipulation for visual analytics can provide an engaging user experience. It enables users to focus on their tasks rather than…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Leixian Shen , Enya Shen , Yuyu Luo , Xiaocong Yang , Xuming Hu , Xiongshuai Zhang , Zhiwei Tai , Jianmin Wang

The explosion of data in recent years is driving individuals to leverage technology to generate insights. Traditional tools bring heavy learning overheads and the requirement for understanding complex charting techniques. Such barriers can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Paula Maddigan , Teo Susnjak

Data visualization (DV) systems are increasingly recognized for their profound capability to uncover insights from vast datasets, gaining attention across both industry and academia. Crafting data queries is an essential process within…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Shuaimin Li , Xuanang Chen , Yuanfeng Song , Yunze Song , Chen Zhang

Natural language interfaces (NLIs) for data visualization are becoming increasingly popular both in academic research and in commercial software. Yet, there is a lack of empirical understanding of how people specify visualizations through…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Arjun Srinivasan , Nikhila Nyapathy , Bongshin Lee , Steven M. Drucker , John Stasko

Traditional volume visualization (VolVis) methods, like direct volume rendering, suffer from rigid transfer function designs and high computational costs. Although novel view synthesis approaches enhance rendering efficiency, they require…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Kuangshi Ai , Kaiyuan Tang , Chaoli Wang

The Natural Language to Visualization (NL2Vis) task aims to transform natural-language descriptions into visual representations for a grounded table, enabling users to gain insights from vast amounts of data. Recently, many deep…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yang Wu , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Wucai Wei , Wei Zhao , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin

The frequent need for analysts to create visualizations to derive insights from data has driven extensive research into the generation of natural Language to Visualization (NL2VIS). While recent progress in large language models (LLMs)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Xinyu Wang , Chenwei Liang , Shunyuan Zheng , Jinyuan Liang , Guozheng Li , Yu Zhang , Chi Harold Liu

Natural language interfaces (NLIs) enable users to flexibly specify analytical intentions in data visualization. However, diagnosing the visualization results without understanding the underlying generation process is challenging. Our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Bo Pan , Kam Kwai Wong , Yi Ren , Shi Liu , Zihan Yan , Yuxin Ma , Huamin Qu , Wei Chen

Natural-language-to-visualization (NL2VIS) systems based on large language models (LLMs) have substantially improved the accessibility of data visualization. However, their further adoption is hindered by two coupled challenges: (i) the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Marko Hostnik , Rauf Kurbanov , Yaroslav Sokolov , Artem Trofimov

Through a natural language interface (NLI) for exploratory visual analysis, users can directly "ask" analytical questions about the given tabular data. This process greatly improves user experience and lowers the technical barriers of data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Yi Guo , Danqing Shi , Mingjuan Guo , Yanqiu Wu , Qing Chen , Nan Cao

Data visualization (DV) has become the prevailing tool in the market due to its effectiveness into illustrating insights in vast amounts of data. To lower the barrier of using DVs, automatic DV tasks, such as natural language question (NLQ)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Yuanfeng Song , Xuefang Zhao , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

Natural Language to Visualization (NL2Vis) seeks to convert natural-language descriptions into visual representations of given tables, empowering users to derive insights from large-scale data. Recent advancements in Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Geliang Ouyang , Jingyao Chen , Zhihe Nie , Yi Gui , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Dongping Chen

Data visualization is a powerful tool for exploring and communicating insights in various domains. To automate visualization choice for datasets, a task known as visualization recommendation has been proposed. Various machine-learning-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Lei Wang , Songheng Zhang , Yun Wang , Ee-Peng Lim , Yong Wang

While results visualization is a critical phase to the communication of new academic results, plots are frequently shared without the complete combination of code, input data, execution context and outputs required to independently…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Gabriele Padovani , Sandro Fiore

A key challenge to visualization authoring is the process of getting familiar with the complex user interfaces of authoring tools. Natural Language Interface (NLI) presents promising benefits due to its learnability and usability. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Yun Wang , Zhitao Hou , Leixian Shen , Tongshuang Wu , Jiaqi Wang , He Huang , Haidong Zhang , Dongmei Zhang

Translating natural language to visualization (NL2VIS) has shown great promise for visual data analysis, but it remains a challenging task that requires multiple low-level implementations, such as natural language processing and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Nan Chen , Yuge Zhang , Jiahang Xu , Kan Ren , Yuqing Yang
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