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Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) using synchrotron radiation, X-ray free electron lasers (X-FELs), high harmonic generation, soft X-ray lasers, and optical lasers has found broad applications across several disciplines. An active research…

Molecular and polymeric crystals show a wide range of functional properties that arise from the interplay between the atomic-scale structure of their constituent molecules and the organization of these molecules within the crystal lattice…

An algorithm for determining crystal structures from diffraction data is described which does not rely on the usual Fourier-space formulations of atomicity. The new algorithm implements atomicity constraints in real-space, as well as…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Veit Elser

We applied the analysis of x-ray intensity angular correlation function to dilute ensembles of identical spinel crystals. Firstly, we show that the angular correlation from measured diffraction patterns with many crystals per shot converges…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-27 Yun Zhao

Machine learning has been applied to the problem of X-ray diffraction phase prediction with promising results. In this paper, we describe a method for using machine learning to predict crystal structure phases from X-ray diffraction data of…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-26 Maksim Zhdanov , Andrey Zhdanov

The classical method of determining the atomic structure of complex molecules by analyzing diffraction patterns is currently undergoing drastic developments. Modern techniques for producing extremely bright and coherent X-ray lasers allow a…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-12 Tomas Ekeberg , Stefan Engblom , Jing Liu

We present a theoretical justification for a method of extracting of supplementary information for the phase retrieval procedure taken from diffraction of fs-pulses from X-ray Free Electron Laser facilities. The approach is based on…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-02-18 A. Leonov , D. Ksenzov , A. Benediktovitch , I. Feranchuk , U. Pietsch

Diffraction methods are at the heart of structure determination of solids. While Bragg-like scattering (pure point diffraction) is a characteristic feature of crystals and quasicrystals, it is not straightforward to interpret continuous…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-06-26 Michael Baake , Uwe Grimm

The calculation of crystal structure from X-ray diffraction data requires that the phases of the ``structure factors'' (Fourier coefficients) determined by scattering be deduced from the absolute values of those structure factors. Motivated…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2009-07-06 Joe Buhler , Zinovy Reichstein

Diffraction is the most common method to solve for unknown or partially known crystal structures. However, it remains a challenge to determine the crystal structure of a new material that may have nanoscale size or heterogeneities. Here we…

Accurate description of crystal structures is a prerequisite for predicting the physicochemical properties of materials. However, conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization often encounters intrinsic bottlenecks when applied to…

We describe a diffraction microscopy technique based on refractive optics to study structural variations in crystals. The X-ray beam diffracted by a crystal was magnified by beryllium parabolic refractive lenses on a 2D X-ray camera. The…

Optics · Physics 2014-12-16 Thomas Roth , Carsten Detlefs , Irina Snigireva , Anatoly Snigirev

In analysis of X-ray diffraction data, identifying the crystalline phase is important for interpreting the material. The typical method is identifying the crystalline phase from the coincidence of the main diffraction peaks. This method…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-17 Ryo Murakami , Kenji Nagata , Yoshitaka Matsushita , Masahiko Demura

Atomic structure analysis of crystalline materials is a paramount endeavor in both chemical and material sciences. This sophisticated technique necessitates not only a solid foundation in crystallography but also a profound comprehension of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Kaipeng Zheng , Weiran Huang , Wanli Ouyang , Han-Sen Zhong , Yuqiang Li

The x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reported for starch in the literature describes it as a semicrystalline polymer that indicates that amorphous and crystalline regions form it, and this is commonly accepted. However, these patterns have…

A new method for identifying crystalline phases in X-ray diffraction data has been proposed, which is especially useful for the study of multiphase materials (more than eight - ten phases) with a relatively low content (less than 1 - 3…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-17 A. D. Skorbun , S. V. Gabielkov , I. V. Zhyganiuk

Multiphase powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis remains a fundamental bottleneck in structure identification, as real-world synthesis often produces complex mixtures whose constituent phases (components) cannot be reliably disentangled.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hanyu Gao , Bin Cao , Yunyue Su , Tong-Yi Zhang , Qiang Liu

The ability to determine the structure of matter in three dimensions has profoundly advanced our understanding of nature. Traditionally, the most widely used schemes for 3D structure determination of an object are implemented by acquiring…

The revolution in materials in the past century was built on a knowledge of the atomic arrangements and the structure-property relationship. The sine qua non for obtaining quantitative structural information is single crystal…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Gabe Guo , Judah Goldfeder , Ling Lan , Aniv Ray , Albert Hanming Yang , Boyuan Chen , Simon JL Billinge , Hod Lipson

Single particle diffraction imaging experiments at free-electron lasers (FEL) have a great potential for structure determination of reproducible biological specimens that can not be crystallized. One of the challenges in processing the data…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-10-16 O. M. Yefanov , I. A. Vartanyants