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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, i.e., finding test samples derived from a different distribution than the training set, as well as reasoning about such samples (OOD reasoning), are necessary to ensure the safety of results generated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Zahra Rahiminasab , Michael Yuhas , Arvind Easwaran

Learning interpretable latent representations from tabular data remains a challenge in deep generative modeling. We introduce SE-VAE (Structural Equation-Variational Autoencoder), a novel architecture that embeds measurement structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruiyu Zhang , Ce Zhao , Xin Zhao , Lin Nie , Wai-Fung Lam

The key idea behind the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is that real-world data is generated by a few explanatory factors of variation which can be recovered by unsupervised learning algorithms. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Francesco Locatello , Stefan Bauer , Mario Lucic , Gunnar Rätsch , Sylvain Gelly , Bernhard Schölkopf , Olivier Bachem

Learning high-level causal representations together with a causal model from unstructured low-level data such as pixels is impossible from observational data alone. We prove under mild assumptions that this representation is however…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-12 Johann Brehmer , Pim de Haan , Phillip Lippe , Taco Cohen

As one of the most popular generative models, Variational Autoencoder (VAE) approximates the posterior of latent variables based on amortized variational inference. However, when the decoder network is sufficiently expressive, VAE may lead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Dazhong Shen , Chuan Qin , Chao Wang , Hengshu Zhu , Enhong Chen , Hui Xiong

This study explores the use of the Dirichlet Variational Autoencoder (DirVAE) for learning disentangled latent representations of chest X-ray (CXR) images. Our working hypothesis is that distributional sparsity, as facilitated by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Rachael Harkness , Alejandro F Frangi , Kieran Zucker , Nishant Ravikumar

The ability to learn disentangled representations that split underlying sources of variation in high dimensional, unstructured data is important for data efficient and robust use of neural networks. While various approaches aiming towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-15 Raphael Suter , Đorđe Miladinović , Bernhard Schölkopf , Stefan Bauer

We present new intuitions and theoretical assessments of the emergence of disentangled representation in variational autoencoders. Taking a rate-distortion theory perspective, we show the circumstances under which representations aligned…

We propose a sequential variational autoencoder to learn disentangled representations of sequential data (e.g., videos and audios) under self-supervision. Specifically, we exploit the benefits of some readily accessible supervisory signals…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Yizhe Zhu , Martin Renqiang Min , Asim Kadav , Hans Peter Graf

In disentangled representation learning, the goal is to achieve a compact representation that consists of all interpretable generative factors in the observational data. Learning disentangled representations for graphs becomes increasingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Jingyun Feng , Lin Zhang , Lili Yang

Weakly-supervised learning is a paradigm for alleviating the scarcity of labeled data by leveraging lower-quality but larger-scale supervision signals. While existing work mainly focuses on utilizing a certain type of weak supervision, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-11 Yivan Zhang , Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Masashi Sugiyama

In the field of machine learning, it is still a critical issue to identify and supervise the learned representation without manually intervening or intuition assistance to extract useful knowledge or serve for the downstream tasks. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shiqi Liu , Jingxin Liu , Qian Zhao , Xiangyong Cao , Huibin Li , Deyu Meng , Hongying Meng , Sheng Liu

Paradoxically, a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) could be pushed in two opposite directions, utilizing powerful decoder model for generating realistic images but collapsing the learned representation, or increasing regularization coefficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Trung Ngo , Najwa Laabid , Ville Hautamäki , Merja Heinäniemi

Uncovering data generative factors is the ultimate goal of disentanglement learning. Although many works proposed disentangling generative models able to uncover the underlying generative factors of a dataset, so far no one was able to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Cristian Meo , Anirudh Goyal , Justin Dauwels

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are able to learn mappings between simple, relatively low-dimensional, random distributions and points on the manifold of realistic images in image-space. The semantics of this mapping, however, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Richard T. Marriott , Sami Romdhani , Liming Chen

In disentangled representation learning, a model is asked to tease apart a dataset's underlying sources of variation and represent them independently of one another. Since the model is provided with no ground truth information about these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Kyle Hsu , Will Dorrell , James C. R. Whittington , Jiajun Wu , Chelsea Finn

We make two theoretical contributions to disentanglement learning by (a) defining precise semantics of disentangled representations, and (b) establishing robust metrics for evaluation. First, we characterize the concept "disentangled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Kien Do , Truyen Tran

VAEs, or variational autoencoders, are autoencoders that explicitly learn the distribution of the input image space rather than assuming no prior information about the distribution. This allows it to classify similar samples close to each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Fareed Sheriff , Sameer Pai

Labeling training data is a key bottleneck in the modern machine learning pipeline. Recent weak supervision approaches combine labels from multiple noisy sources by estimating their accuracies without access to ground truth labels; however,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-15 Paroma Varma , Frederic Sala , Ann He , Alexander Ratner , Christopher Ré

We propose a family of novel hierarchical Bayesian deep auto-encoder models capable of identifying disentangled factors of variability in data. While many recent attempts at factor disentanglement have focused on sophisticated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Minyoung Kim , Yuting Wang , Pritish Sahu , Vladimir Pavlovic
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