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This paper provides an introductory overview of how one may employ importance sampling effectively as a tool for solving stochastic optimization formulations incorporating tail risk measures such as Conditional Value-at-Risk. Approximating…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-07-11 Anand Deo , Karthyek Murthy

Finite sample properties of random covariance-type matrices have been the subject of much research. In this paper we focus on the "lower tail" of such a matrix, and prove that it is subgaussian under a simple fourth moment assumption on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-11 Roberto Imbuzeiro Oliveira

We study rare events in the extreme value statistics of stochastic symmetric jump processes with power tails in the distributions of the jumps, using the big-jump principle. The principle states that in the presence of stochastic processes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-04 Alberto Bassanoni , Alessandro Vezzani , Raffaella Burioni

In this paper, we use a new approach to prove that the largest eigenvalue of the sample covariance matrix of a normally distributed vector is bigger than the true largest eigenvalue with probability 1 when the dimension is infinite. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-14 Soufiane Hayou

The prediction and control of rare events is an important task in disciplines that range from physics and biology, to economics and social science. The Big Jump principle deals with a peculiar aspect of the mechanism that drives rare…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-27 Alessandro Vezzani , Eli Barkai , Raffaella Burioni

Anomaly detection methods are widely used but often rely on ad hoc rules or strong assumptions, and they often focus on tail events, missing ``inlier'' anomalies that occur in low-density gaps between modes. We propose a unified framework…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-11 Rob J Hyndman , David T. Frazier

We study the statistics of the largest eigenvalue lambda_max of N x N random matrices with unit variance, but power-law distributed entries, P(M_{ij})~ |M_{ij}|^{-1-mu}. When mu > 4, lambda_max converges to 2 with Tracy-Widom fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Giulio Biroli , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Marc Potters

Large deviations for sums of i.i.d.\ random variables with stretched-exponential tails (also called Weibull or semi-exponential tails) have been well understood since the 60's, going back to Nagaev's seminal work. Many extensions in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Nina Gantert , Joscha Prochno , Philipp Tuchel

For measuring tail risk with scarce extreme events, extreme value analysis is often invoked as the statistical tool to extrapolate to the tail of a distribution. The presence of large datasets benefits tail risk analysis by providing more…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-18 Liujun Chen , Deyuan Li , Chen Zhou

Eigenvalues of Wigner matrices has been a major topic of investigation. A particularly important subclass of such random matrices is formed by the adjacency matrix of an Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi graph $\mathcal{G}_{n,p}$ equipped with i.i.d.…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Shirshendu Ganguly , Ella Hiesmayr , Kyeongsik Nam

In this paper we study precise large deviations for the partial sums of a stationary sequence with a subexponential marginal distribution. Our main focus is on distributions which either have a regularly varying or a lognormal-type tail. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-15 Thomas Mikosch , Igor Rodionov

Symmetric tridiagonal matrices appear ubiquitously in mathematical physics, serving as the matrix representation of discrete random Schr\"odinger operators. In this work we investigate the top eigenvalue of these matrices in the large…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Yi Han

We consider importance sampling for estimating the probability that a light-tailed $d$-dimensional random walk exits through one of many disjoint rare-event regions before reaching an anticipated target. This problem arises in sequential…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Yanglei Song , Georgios Fellouris

We study the maximum of the random assignment process on rectangular matrices. We derive first-order asymptotics for the expected maximum, prove a law of large numbers under mild tail assumptions, and obtain exponential upper bounds for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Timofey Moskalenko

We consider random vectors $X$ that satisfy the equation in law $X=AX+B$, where $A$ is a given random diagonal matrix and $B$ a given random vector, both independent of $X$. It is well known by the works of Kesten and Goldie that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Ewa Damek , Sebastian Mentemeier

The task for a general and useful classification of the tail behaviors of probability distributions still has no satisfactory solution. Due to lack of information outside the range of the data the tails of the distribution should be…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Pavlina Jordanova

In dense Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graphs, we are interested in the events where large numbers of a given subgraph occur. The mean behavior of subgraph counts is known, and only recently were the related large deviations results discovered.…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-04-03 Shankar Bhamidi , Jan Hannig , Chia Ying Lee , James Nolen

We propose and analyze a new estimator of the covariance matrix that admits strong theoretical guarantees under weak assumptions on the underlying distribution, such as existence of moments of only low order. While estimation of covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Stanislav Minsker , Xiaohan Wei

Threshold selection plays a key role for various aspects of statistical inference of rare events. Most classical approaches tackling this problem for heavy-tailed distributions crucially depend on tuning parameters or critical values to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-07 Laura Fee Schneider , Andrea Krajina , Tatyana Krivobokova

The use of expectiles in risk management has recently gathered remarkable momentum due to their excellent axiomatic and probabilistic properties. In particular, the class of elicitable law-invariant coherent risk measures only consists of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Abdelaati Daouia , Simone A. Padoan , Gilles Stupfler