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A linear cosmological perturbation theory of an almost homogeneous and isotropic perfect fluid Universe with dynamically evolving Newton constant $G$ and cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is presented. A gauge-invariant formalism is developed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 A. Bonanno , M. Reuter

We propose a two parameters extension of the flat $\Lambda$CDM model to capture the impact of matter inhomogeneities on our cosmological inference. Non virialized but non-linearly evolving overdense and underdense regions, whose abundance…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-11 Leonardo Giani , Rodrigo Von Marttens , Ryan Camilleri

We analyze Brans-Dicke gravity with a cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, and cold dark matter (BD-$\Lambda$CDM for short) in the light of the latest cosmological observations on distant supernovae, Hubble rate measurements at different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-25 Joan Sola , Adria Gomez-Valent , Javier de Cruz Perez , Cristian Moreno-Pulido

In this paper, we investigate the evolution of cosmological perturbations within the context of Bianchi Type$-I$ spacetimes. We consider models containing viscous fluids with evolving cosmological (\LL) and Newtonian gravitational (G)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-08 Alnadhief H. A. Alfedeel , Maye Elmardi , Amare abebe

We consider scalar perturbations of energy-density for a class of cosmological models where an early phase of accelerated expansion evolves, without any fine-tuning for graceful exit, towards the standard Friedman eras of observed universe.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-10 S. Capozziello , G. Lambiase , G. Scarpetta

The current standard model of cosmology, the LambdaCDM model, is based on the homogeneous FLRW solutions of the Einstein equations to which some perturbations are added to account for the CMB features and structure formation at large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-14 Marie-Noëlle Célérier

A significant challenge for modelling the massive neutrino as a hot dark matter is its large velocity dispersion. In this work, we investigate and implement a multi-fluid perturbation theory that treats the cosmic neutrino population as a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-12 Joe Zhiyu Chen , Amol Upadhye , Yvonne Y. Y. Wong

We take a phenomenological approach to study the cosmological evolution of decaying vacuum cosmology ($\Lambda(t)$CDM) based on a simple assumption about the form of the modified matter expansion rate. In this framework, almost all the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Peng Wang , Xin-He Meng

We consider a double polytropic cosmological fluid and demonstrate that, when one constituent resembles a bare cosmological constant while the other emulates a generalized Chaplygin gas, a good description of the Universe's large-scale…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-27 Peter K. S. Dunsby , Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino , Vineshree Pillay

The standard paradigm of cosmology assumes two distinct dark components, namely dark matter and dark energy. However, the necessity of splitting the dark-side world into two sectors has not been experimentally or theoretically proven.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yan Su , Zhiqi Huang , Yanhong Yao , Junchao Wang , Jianqi Liu

These lectures describe how the Standard Model of cosmology ($\Lambda$CDM) has developped, based on observational facts but also on ideas formed in the context of the theory of fundamental interactions, both gravitational and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-28 P. Binétruy

Scalar cosmological perturbations are investigated in the framework of a model with interacting dark energy and dark matter. In addition to these constituents, the inhomogeneous Universe is supposed to be filled with the standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-24 Maxim Eingorn , Claus Kiefer

Cosmological perturbation theory provides the fundamental framework for describing the evolution of the matter-energy density field in an expanding Universe and serves as the basis for understanding the formation of large-scale structures…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 Diego Fernando Fonseca , Leonardo Castañeda , Luz Ángela García

The growth of large scale structure is studied in a universe containing both cold dark matter (CDM) and generalized Chaplygin gas (GCg). GCg is assumed to contribute only to the background evolution of the universe while the CDM component…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Multamaki , M. Manera , E. Gaztanaga

In the standard model of cosmology, the background evolution of the Universe can in general be adequately described by general relativity and a uniform and isotropic metric minimally coupled with a collection of perfect fluids. These fluids…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-19 R. P. L. Azevedo

Cold Dark Matter (CDM) has become the standard modern theory of cosmological structure formation. Its predictions appear to be in good agreement with data on large scales, and it naturally accounts for many properties of galaxies. But…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joel R. Primack

Different models of the cosmic substratum which pretend to describe the present stage of accelerated expansion of the Universe like the $\Lambda$CDM model or a Chaplygin gas, can be seen as special realizations of a holographic dark energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Winfried Zimdahl

We investigate the influence of dark energy on structure formation, within five different cosmological models, namely a concordance $\Lambda$CDM model, two models with dynamical dark energy, viewed as a quintessence scalar field (using a RP…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Cristiano De Boni , Klaus Dolag , Stefano Ettori , Lauro Moscardini , Valeria Pettorino , Carlo Baccigalupi

In this paper a possibility of the accelerated expansion of the large scale universe with a varying polytropic fluid of a certain type is presented. About a special role of non-gravitational interactions between dark energy and dark matter,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-14 Martiros Khurshudyan , Asatur Khurshudyan

The description of dark matter as a pressure-less fluid and of dark energy as a cosmological constant, both minimally coupled to gravity, constitutes the basis of the concordance $\Lambda\text{CDM}$ model. However, the concordance model is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-27 Amin Aboubrahim , Pran Nath
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