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Related papers: Adventures in Mathematical Reasoning

200 papers

What is reasoning? This question has driven centuries of philosophical inquiry, from Aristotle's syllogisms to modern computational complexity theory. In the age of large language models achieving superhuman performance on benchmarks like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zixi Li

I argue that scientific determinism is not supported by facts, but results from the elegance of the mathematical language physicists use, in particular from the so-called real numbers and their infinite series of digits. Classical physics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Nicolas Gisin

In the past two decades, teaching and outreach have come to hold an expected place in more missions of mathematics departments and organizations. Still, there is more to do as a mathematical sciences community for mathematics education and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Yvonne Lai

These informal notes are based on the author's lecture at the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics workshop on "AI to Assist Mathematical Reasoning" in June 2023. The goal is to think through a path by which we might…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Alex Kontorovich

Mathematics is the language of science. Fluent and productive use of mathematics requires one to understand the meaning embodied in mathematical symbols, operators, syntax, etc., which can be a difficult task. For instance, in algebraic…

Physics Education · Physics 2019-09-26 Tra Huynh , Eleanor C Sayre

An opiniated essay on what pure mathematics is and why the adjective "pure" in "pure mathematics" is not a good choice.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Volker Runde

Artificial intelligence commonly refers to the science and engineering of artificial systems that can carry out tasks generally associated with requiring aspects of human intelligence, such as playing games, translating languages, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andreas Krause , Jonas Hübotter

In the past century many fundamental results on unpredictability, undecidability and uncertainty have compelled scientists to grapple with the idea that some questions may never be resolved within our current theories. While this…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Fabien Paillusson , Matthew Booth

Geometry is essentially a global language, which is fully understood in different times, countries and cultures. The proof of a geometric theorem (e.g. the Pythagorean Theorem) or a geometric construction (e.g. the construction of an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Ioannis Rizos , Nikolaos Gkrekas

Logic has pride of place in mathematics and its 20th century offshoot, computer science. Modern symbolic logic was developed, in part, as a way to provide a formal framework for mathematics: Frege, Peano, Whitehead and Russell, as well as…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-04-17 Richard Zach

Mathematical proofs are often said to justify their conclusions by indicating the existence of a corresponding formal derivation. We argue that this widespread view relies on an under-examined notion of correspondence, or what it means for…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Simon DeDeo , Eamon Duede

Information is everywhere in nature which is very uncertain and unpredictable. But information, in itself, is a very ambiguous term. In this cursory write-up, we attempt to understand the formal meaning of information by quantifying…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-09-20 Sagar Chakraborty

We extend Langdon Winner's idea that artifacts have politics into the realm of mathematics. To do so, we first provide a list of examples showing the existence of mathematical artifacts that have politics. In the second step, we provide an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-08-10 Dennis Müller , Maurice Chiodo

Toposes can be pictured as mathematical universes. Besides the standard topos, in which most of mathematics unfolds, there is a colorful host of alternate toposes in which mathematics plays out slightly differently. For instance, there are…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Ingo Blechschmidt

Wigner found unreasonable the "effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences". But if the mathematics we use to describe nature is simply a coded expression of our experience then its effectiveness is quite reasonable. Its…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-02-03 Marvin Chester

I describe my path to unconventionality in my exploration of theoretical and applied aspects of computation towards revealing the algorithmic and reprogrammable properties and capabilities of the world, in particular related to applications…

General Literature · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Hector Zenil

The logic of abduction involves a collision between deduction and induction, where empirical surprises violate expectations and scientists innovate to resolve them. Here we reformulate abduction as a social process, occurring not only…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-11-29 Eamon Duede , James Evans

This book is the final version of a course on algorithmic information theory and the epistemology of mathematics and physics. This is camera-ready copy prepared for publication as a book, but at the last minute I decided to publish it…

chao-dyn · Physics 2020-01-21 G. J. Chaitin

Many undergraduate students of engineering and the exact sciences have difficulty with their mathematics courses due to insufficient proficiency in what we in this paper have termed clear thinking. We believe that this lack of proficiency…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Arieh Lev , Gil Kaplan

Wigner's "unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics" in physics can be understood as a reflection of a deep and unexpected unity between the fundamental structures of mathematics and of physics. Some of the history of evidence for this is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Peter Woit