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The quantum measurement incompatibility is a distinctive feature of quantum mechanics. We investigate the incompatibility of a set of general measurements and classify the incompatibility by the hierarchy of compatibilities of its subsets.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-03 Bao-Zhi Sun , Zhi-Xi Wang , Xianqing Li-Jost , Shao-Ming Fei

Although people have already artificially formed parity--time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry with gain and loss in a balanced manner, it is still a defect that the gain is restricted to semi--classical but not full quantum. Here we propose and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Wenlin Li , Chong Li , Heshan Song

We discuss strategies for quantum enhanced estimation of atomic transition frequencies with ions stored in Paul traps or neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices. We show that only marginal quantum improvements can be achieved using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-23 U. Dorner

We demonstrate the applicability of a universal gate set in the parity encoding, which is a dual to the standard gate model, by exploring several quantum gate algorithms such as the quantum Fourier transform and quantum addition. Embedding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-03 Michael Fellner , Anette Messinger , Kilian Ender , Wolfgang Lechner

Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to revolutionize computing, measurements, and communications. This has stimulated the research in different areas of physics to engineer and manipulate fragile many-particle entangled states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-13 Luca Pezzè , Augusto Smerzi , Markus K. Oberthaler , Roman Schmied , Philipp Treutlein

We present a native approach for realizing multi-qubit parity phase gates in neutral atom systems through global phase modulation of a Rydberg excitation laser. By shaping the temporal profile of the laser's phase, we enable high fidelity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Javad Kazemi , Michael Schuler , Christian Ertler , Wolfgang Lechner

In this paper we present a search algorithm that finds useful optical quantum states which can be created with current technology. We apply the algorithm to the field of quantum metrology with the goal of finding states that can measure a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-03 P. A. Knott

Quantum metrology derives its capabilities from the careful employ of quantum resources for carrying out measurements. This advantage, however, relies on refined data postprocessing, assessed based on the variance of the estimated…

Quantum tomography approaches typically consider a set of observables which we wish to measure, design a measurement scheme which measures each of the observables and then repeats the measurements as many times as necessary. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Otto Veltheim , Esko Keski-Vakkuri

The Cram\'er-Rao bound captures completely the performance of single-parameter quantum sensors. On the other hand, its extension to multiple parameters demands more caution. Different aspects need to be captured at once, including,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Jayanth Jayakumar , Marco Barbieri , Magdalena Stobińska

Quantum metrology is the state-of-the-art measurement technology. It uses quantum resources to enhance the sensitivity of phase estimation beyond what reachable within classical physics. While single parameter estimation theory has been…

Quantum optical metrology aims to identify ultimate sensitivity bounds for the estimation of parameters encoded into quantum states of the electromagnetic field. In many practical applications, including imaging, microscopy, and remote…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Giacomo Sorelli , Manuel Gessner , Nicolas Treps , Mattia Walschaers

Symmetry underpins our understanding of physical law. Open systems, those in contact with their environment, can provide a platform to explore parity-time symmetry. While classical parity-time symmetric systems have received a lot of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 C. A. Downing , V. A. Saroka

Multi-photon quantum interference is the underlying principle for optical quantum information processing protocols. Indistinguishability is the key to quantum interference. Therefore, the success of many protocols in optical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Liang Cui , Jie Su , Jiamin Li , Yuhong Liu , Xiaoying Li , Z. Y. Ou

Any observable with finite eigenvalue spectrum can be measured using a multiport apparatus realizing an appropriate unitary transformation and an array of detector instruments, where each detector operates as an indicator of one possible…

General Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Michael Zirpel

We consider the problem of designing an optimal quantum detector to minimize the probability of a detection error when distinguishing between a collection of quantum states, represented by a set of density operators. We show that the design…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Yonina C. Eldar , Alexandre Megretski , George C. Verghese

Quantum interferometry methods exploit quantum resources, such as photonic entanglement, to enhance phase estimation beyond classical limits. Nonlinear optics has served as a workhorse for the generation of entangled photon pairs, ensuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Romain Dalidet , Anthony Martin , Grégory Sauder , Laurent Labonté , Sébastien Tanzilli

In quantum metrology, one of the major applications of quantum technologies, the ultimate precision of estimating an unknown parameter is often stated in terms of the Cram\'er-Rao bound. Yet, the latter is no longer guaranteed to carry an…

Current optical atomic clocks do not utilize their resources optimally. In particular, an exponential gain in sensitivity could be achieved if multiple atomic ensembles were to be controlled or read-out individually, even without…

The number of times that we can access a system to extract information via quantum metrology is always finite, and possibly small, and realistic amounts of prior knowledge tend to be moderate. Thus theoretical consistency demands a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-02 Jesús Rubio