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While machine learning (ML)-based receiver algorithms have received a great deal of attention in the recent literature, they often suffer from poor scaling with increasing spatial multiplexing order and lack of explainability and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Mikko Honkala , Dani Korpi , Elias Raninen , Janne M. J. Huttunen

In split machine learning (ML), different partitions of a neural network (NN) are executed by different computing nodes, requiring a large amount of communication cost. To ease communication burden, over-the-air computation (OAC) can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yuzhi Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Yuqing Tian , Zhaohui Yang , Chongwen Huang , Caijun Zhong , Kai-Kit Wong

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant strides in expanding the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through the incorporation of visual perception interfaces. Despite the emergence of exciting applications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Dongsheng Jiang , Yuchen Liu , Songlin Liu , Jin'e Zhao , Hao Zhang , Zhen Gao , Xiaopeng Zhang , Jin Li , Hongkai Xiong

The ever-increasing data demand craves advancements in high-speed and energy-efficient computing hardware. Analog optical neural network (ONN) processors have emerged as a promising solution, offering benefits in bandwidth and energy…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-07 Chao Luan , Ronald Davis , Zaijun Chen , Dirk Englund , Ryan Hamerly

With the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), numerous outstanding accomplishments have emerged within the open-source community. Due to the complexity of creating and training multimodal data pairs, it is still a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Xingguang Ji , Jiakang Wang , Hongzhi Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Haonan Zhou , Chenxi Sun , Yahui Liu , Qi Wang , Fuzheng Zhang

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems built on multilingual sequence-to-sequence Language Models (msLMs) fail to deliver expected results when the amount of parallel data for a language, as well as the language's representation in the…

Prompt-learning has become a new paradigm in modern natural language processing, which directly adapts pre-trained language models (PLMs) to $cloze$-style prediction, autoregressive modeling, or sequence to sequence generation, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Ning Ding , Shengding Hu , Weilin Zhao , Yulin Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Hai-Tao Zheng , Maosong Sun

The performance gap between closed-source and open-source large language models (LLMs) is largely attributed to disparities in access to high-quality training data. To bridge this gap, we introduce a novel framework for the automated…

Machine Learning (ML) has been widely used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. A fundamental assumption in ML is that training data and real-world data should follow a similar distribution. However, a deployed ML model may…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Da Song , Zhijie Wang , Yuheng Huang , Lei Ma , Tianyi Zhang

Boosting the runtime performance of deep neural networks (DNNs) is critical due to their wide adoption in real-world tasks. Existing approaches to optimizing the tensor algebra expression of a DNN only consider expressions representable by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Liyan Zheng , Haojie Wang , Jidong Zhai , Muyan Hu , Zixuan Ma , Tuowei Wang , Shizhi Tang , Lei Xie , Kezhao Huang , Zhihao Jia

Deep learning (DL) based methods for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radio receivers demonstrated higher signal detection performance compared to the traditional receivers. However, the existing DL-based models, usually…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Mohanad Obeed , Ming Jian

In recent years, In-context Learning (ICL) has gained increasing attention and emerged as the new paradigm for large language model (LLM) evaluation. Unlike traditional fine-tuning methods, ICL instead adapts the pre-trained models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zhenyu Wu , YaoXiang Wang , Jiacheng Ye , Jiangtao Feng , Jingjing Xu , Yu Qiao , Zhiyong Wu

Design space exploration for future distributed Machine Learning systems suffers from a lack of readily available workload representation that enables flexible exploration across the stack. We present Flint, a framework that bridges this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jinsun Yoo , Meghan Cowan , Zheng Du , Changhai Man , Srinivas Sridharan , Tushar Krishna

The extreme multi-label classification~(XMC) task involves learning a classifier that can predict from a large label set the most relevant subset of labels for a data instance. While deep neural networks~(DNNs) have demonstrated remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Ken Nishida , Kojiro Machi , Kazuma Onishi , Katsuhiko Hayashi , Hidetaka Kamigaito

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have endowed LLMs with the ability to perceive and understand multi-modal signals. However, most of the existing MLLMs mainly adopt vision encoders pretrained on coarsely aligned image-text pairs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Gongwei Chen , Leyang Shen , Rui Shao , Xiang Deng , Liqiang Nie

Optimization problems are pervasive in sectors from manufacturing and distribution to healthcare. However, most such problems are still solved heuristically by hand rather than optimally by state-of-the-art solvers because the expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ali AhmadiTeshnizi , Wenzhi Gao , Herman Brunborg , Shayan Talaei , Connor Lawless , Madeleine Udell

Deep Learning (DL) compilers have been widely utilized to optimize DL models for efficient deployment across various hardware. Due to their vital role in the DL ecosystem, ensuring their reliability and security is critical. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Qingchao Shen , Zan Wang , Haoyang Ma , Yongqiang Tian , Lili Huang , Zibo Xiao , Junjie Chen , Shing-Chi Cheung

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

In this paper, we introduce InMD-X, a collection of multiple large language models specifically designed to cater to the unique characteristics and demands of Internal Medicine Doctors (IMD). InMD-X represents a groundbreaking development…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Hyoje Jung , Byeolhee Kim , Young-Hak Kim , Tae Joon Jun

Deep Learning (DL) aims at learning the \emph{meaningful representations}. A meaningful representation refers to the one that gives rise to significant performance improvement of associated Machine Learning (ML) tasks by replacing the raw…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Yanan Sun , Gary G. Yen , Zhang Yi