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This paper proposes the first, known to us, open source presentation attack detection (PAD) solution to distinguish between authentic iris images (possibly wearing clear contact lenses) and irises with textured contact lenses. This software…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Joseph McGrath , Kevin W. Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Diversity and unpredictability of artifacts potentially presented to an iris sensor calls for presentation attack detection methods that are agnostic to specificity of presentation attack instruments. This paper proposes a method that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Zhaoyuan Fang , Adam Czajka , Kevin W. Bowyer

Iris recognition technology has attracted an increasing interest in the last decades in which we have witnessed a migration from research laboratories to real world applications. The deployment of this technology raises questions about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez , Javier Galbally , Marta Gomez-Barrero

An iris recognition system is vulnerable to presentation attacks, or PAs, where an adversary presents artifacts such as printed eyes, plastic eyes, or cosmetic contact lenses to circumvent the system. In this work, we propose an effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Renu Sharma , Arun Ross

This paper proposes a framework for a privacy-safe iris presentation attack detection (PAD) method, designed solely with synthetically-generated, identity-leakage-free iris images. Once trained, the method is evaluated in a classical way…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Mahsa Mitcheff , Patrick Tinsley , Adam Czajka

Iris Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is essential to secure iris recognition systems. Recent iris PAD solutions achieved good performance by leveraging deep learning techniques. However, most results were reported under intra-database…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Meiling Fang , Fadi Boutros , Naser Damer

Iris recognition is widely recognized as one of the most accurate biometric modalities. However, its growing deployment in real-world applications raises significant concerns regarding its vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PAs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh

This paper presents a deep-learning-based method for iris presentation attack detection (PAD) when iris images are obtained from deceased people. Our approach is based on the VGG-16 architecture fine-tuned with a database of 574…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Mateusz Trokielewicz , Adam Czajka , Piotr Maciejewicz

Research in presentation attack detection (PAD) for iris recognition has largely moved beyond evaluation in "closed-set" scenarios, to emphasize ability to generalize to presentation attack types not present in the training data. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Aidan Boyd , Jeremy Speth , Lucas Parzianello , Kevin Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Iris presentation attack detection (PAD) plays a vital role in iris recognition systems. Most existing CNN-based iris PAD solutions 1) perform only binary label supervision during the training of CNNs, serving global information learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer , Fadi Boutros , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

Foundation models are becoming increasingly popular due to their strong generalization capabilities resulting from being trained on huge datasets. These generalization capabilities are attractive in areas such as NIR Iris Presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Juan E. Tapia , Lázaro Janier González-Soler , Christoph Busch

Presentation attacks are posing major challenges to most of the biometric modalities. Iris recognition, which is considered as one of the most accurate biometric modality for person identification, has also been shown to be vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mehak Gupta , Vishal Singh , Akshay Agarwal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

The increased need for unattended authentication in multiple scenarios has motivated a wide deployment of biometric systems in the last few years. This has in turn led to the disclosure of security concerns specifically related to biometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Ruben Tolosana , Marta Gomez-Barrero , Christoph Busch , Javier Ortega-Garcia

We open source an easy to assemble, spoof resistant, high resolution, optical fingerprint reader, called RaspiReader, using ubiquitous components. By using our open source STL files and software, RaspiReader can be built in under one hour…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Joshua J. Engelsma , Kai Cao , Anil K. Jain

Iris recognition systems are vulnerable to the presentation attacks, such as textured contact lenses or printed images. In this paper, we propose a lightweight framework to detect iris presentation attacks by extracting multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

Human perceptual priors have shown promise in saliency-guided deep learning training, particularly in the domain of iris presentation attack detection (PAD). Common saliency approaches include hand annotations obtained via mouse clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Byron Dowling , Jacob Piland , Eleanor Frederick , Christopher Sweet , Adam Czajka

The use of biometrics to authenticate users and control access to secure areas has become extremely popular in recent years, and biometric access control systems are frequently used by both governments and private corporations. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Justin Spencer , Deborah Lawrence , Prosenjit Chatterjee , Kaushik Roy , Albert Esterline , Jung-Hee Kim

The vulnerability of automated fingerprint recognition systems to presentation attacks (PA), i.e., spoof or altered fingers, has been a growing concern, warranting the development of accurate and efficient presentation attack detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Steven A. Grosz , Tarang Chugh , Anil K. Jain

We propose a new iris presentation attack detection method using three-dimensional features of an observed iris region estimated by photometric stereo. Our implementation uses a pair of iris images acquired by a common commercial iris…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Adam Czajka , Zhaoyuan Fang , Kevin W. Bowyer

Biometric has been increasing in relevance these days since it can be used for several applications such as access control for instance. Unfortunately, with the increased deployment of biometric applications, we observe an increase of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Jose Maureira , Juan Tapia , Claudia Arellano , Christoph Busch
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