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We use a natural ordered extension of the Chinese Restaurant Process to grow a two-parameter family of binary self-similar continuum fragmentation trees. We provide an explicit embedding of Ford's sequence of alpha model trees in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Jim Pitman , Matthias Winkel

In the paper, from the point of view of recurrent numbers of the Jacobsthal type, the Collatz problem with the general aq+-1 function of conjecture odd positive integers q from the set of natural numbers is investigated. Formulated…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Petro Kosobutskyy

We introduce a full binary directed tree structure to represent the set of natural numbers, further categorizing them into three distinct subsets: pure odd numbers, pure even numbers, and mixed numbers. We adopt a binary string…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Jishe Feng

Two generalizations of the Minkowski ?(x) function are given. As ?(x) maps quadratic irrationals to rational numbers, it is shown that both generalizations send natural classes of pairs of cubic irrational numbers in the same cubic number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andrew Marder

Can we obtain a Brownian CRT of mass $1/2$ from a CRT of mass $1$ by cutting certain branches? In this paper, we will answer that question in the much more general setting of self-similar Markov trees. Self-similar Markov trees (ssMt) are…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Nicolas Curien , William Fleurat , Adrianus Twigt

1 : We use properties of the Stern Sequence for numerical computations of moments $\int^1_0 t^n d?(t)$ associated to Minkowski's Question Mark function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-22 Roland Bacher

We discover another one-parameter generalization of Postnikov's hook length formula for binary trees. The particularity of our formula is that the hook length $h_v$ appears as an exponent. As an application, we derive another simple hook…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-29 Guo-Niu Han

In this paper, we extend the notion of (word) derivatives and partial derivatives due to (respectively) Brzozowski and Antimirov to tree derivatives using already known inductive formulae of quotients. We define a new family of extended…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Samira Attou , Ludovic Mignot , Djelloul Ziadi

We prime-encode the natural numbers via recursive factorisation, iterated to the exponents, generating a corpus of planar rooted trees equivalently represented as Dyck words. This forms a deterministic text endowed with internal rules.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Pierluigi Contucci , Claudio Giberti , Godwin Osabutey , Cecilia Vernia

We look at a family of meta-Fibonacci sequences which arise in studying the number of leaves at the largest level in certain infinite sequences of binary trees, restricted compositions of an integer, and binary compact codes. For this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Brad Jackson , Frank Ruskey

Additive tree functionals allow to represent the cost of many divide-and-conquer algorithms. We give an invariance principle for such tree functionals for the Catalan model (random tree uniformly distributed among the full binary ordered…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Jean-François Delmas , Jean-Stéphane Dhersin , Marion Sciauveau

There is a well-known bijection between finite binary sequences and integer partitions. Sequences of length r correspond to partitions of perimeter r+1. Motivated by work on rational numbers in the Calkin-Wilf tree, we classify partitions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-04 David J. Hemmer , Karlee J. Westrem

A permutation can be locally classified according to the four local types: peaks, valleys, double rises and double falls. The corresponding classification of binary increasing trees uses four different types of nodes. Flajolet demonstrated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Markus Kuba , Anna L. Varvak

In this paper we discuss a natural generalization of the Stern Brocot tree which comes from the introduction of weighted mediants. We focus our attention on the case $k = 3$, in which $(2a + c)/(2b + d)$ and $(a + 2c)/(b + 2d)$ are the two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Dhroova Aiylam , Tanya Khovanova

We extend the classical coding of measured $\mathbb R$-trees by continuous excursion-type functions to c\`adl\`ag excursion-type functions through the notion of parametric representations. The main feature of this extension is its…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Antoine Aurillard

We consider additive functionals $X_n(\phi)$ with small toll functions on split trees and a generalization of split trees, which we call fractional split trees, where the split vector does not need to sum up to 1. These additive functionals…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Cecilia Holmgren , Jasper Ischebeck , Svante Janson

Cartesian tree matching is a form of generalized pattern matching where a substring of the text matches with the pattern if they share the same Cartesian tree. This form of matching finds application for time series of stock prices and can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Eric M. Osterkamp , Dominik Köppl

Tree-width is an invaluable tool for computational problems on graphs. But often one would like to compute on other kinds of objects (e.g. decorated graphs or even algebraic structures) where there is no known tree-width analogue. Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-22 Benjamin Merlin Bumpus , Zoltan A. Kocsis

We discuss several connections between discrete and continuous random trees. In the discrete setting, we focus on Galton-Watson trees under various conditionings. In particular, we present a simple approach to Aldous' theorem giving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jean-Francois Le Gall

The Calkin-Wilf tree is an infinite binary tree whose vertices are the positive rational numbers. Each number occurs in the tree exactly once and in the form $a/b$, where are $a$ and $b$ are relatively prime positive integers. For every…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-22 Melvyn B. Nathanson