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With the rapid advancement and increased use of deep learning models in image identification, security becomes a major concern to their deployment in safety-critical systems. Since the accuracy and robustness of deep learning models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Dvij Kalaria , Aritra Hazra , Partha Pratim Chakrabarti

Deep learning models for image classification have become standard tools in recent years. A well known vulnerability of these models is their susceptibility to adversarial examples. These are generated by slightly altering an image of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Haim Fisher , Moni Shahar , Yehezkel S. Resheff

Over the past few years significant progress has been made in the field of presentation attack detection (PAD) for automatic speaker recognition (ASV). This includes the development of new speech corpora, standard evaluation protocols and…

We propose a new method for testing antenna arrays that records the radiating electromagnetic (EM) field using an absorbing material and evaluating the resulting thermal image series through an AI using a conditional encoder-decoder model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Hans Hao-Hsun Hsu , Jiawen Xu , Ravi Sama , Matthias Kovatsch

Unlike conventional anomaly detection research that focuses on point anomalies, our goal is to detect anomalous collections of individual data points. In particular, we perform group anomaly detection (GAD) with an emphasis on irregular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Raghavendra Chalapathy , Edward Toth , Sanjay Chawla

Face recognition has achieved unprecedented results, surpassing human capabilities in certain scenarios. However, these automatic solutions are not ready for production because they can be easily fooled by simple identity impersonation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Daniel Pérez-Cabo , David Jiménez-Cabello , Artur Costa-Pazo , Roberto J. López-Sastre

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have recently been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, wherein they are fooled into reconstructing a chosen target image. However, how to defend against such attacks remains an open problem. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-01 Matthew Willetts , Alexander Camuto , Tom Rainforth , Stephen Roberts , Chris Holmes

Detectors in next-generation high-energy physics experiments face several daunting requirements, such as high data rates, damaging radiation exposure, and stringent constraints on power, space, and latency. To address these challenges,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-08-18 Alexander Yue , Haoyi Jia , Julia Gonski

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are highly vulnerable to presentation attacks, also called spoofing attacks. Replay is among the simplest attacks to mount - yet difficult to detect reliably. The generalization failure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Bhusan Chettri , Tomi Kinnunen , Emmanouil Benetos

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is an open-set recognition task, which is usually formulated as a one-class classification (OCC) problem, where training data is comprised of videos with normal instances while test data contains both normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Ayush K. Rai , Tarun Krishna , Feiyan Hu , Alexandru Drimbarean , Kevin McGuinness , Alan F. Smeaton , Noel E. O'Connor

This paper proposes the first, known to us, open source presentation attack detection (PAD) solution to distinguish between authentic iris images (possibly wearing clear contact lenses) and irises with textured contact lenses. This software…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Joseph McGrath , Kevin W. Bowyer , Adam Czajka

In Federated Learning (FL), anomaly detection (AD) is a challenging task due to the decentralized nature of data and the presence of non-IID data distributions. This study introduces a novel federated threshold calculation method that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Sofiane Laridi , Gregory Palmer , Kam-Ming Mark Tam

Adversarial attacks pose a critical security threat to real-world AI systems by injecting human-imperceptible perturbations into benign samples to induce misclassification in deep learning models. While existing detection methods, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yinghe Zhang , Chi Liu , Shuai Zhou , Sheng Shen , Peng Gui

Due to the rare occurrence of anomalous events, a typical approach to anomaly detection is to train an autoencoder (AE) with normal data only so that it learns the patterns or representations of the normal training data. At test time, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Djamila Aouada , Seung-Ik Lee

A clear need for automatic anomaly detection applied to automotive testing has emerged as more and more attention is paid to the data recorded and manual evaluation by humans reaches its capacity. Such real-world data is massive, diverse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Lucas Correia , Jan-Christoph Goos , Philipp Klein , Thomas Bäck , Anna V. Kononova

Deep neural networks for classification are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where small perturbations to input samples lead to incorrect predictions. This susceptibility, combined with the black-box nature of such networks, limits their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Dipkamal Bhusal , Md Tanvirul Alam , Monish K. Veerabhadran , Michael Clifford , Sara Rampazzi , Nidhi Rastogi

Most of the data-driven approaches applied to bearing fault diagnosis up to date are established in the supervised learning paradigm, which usually requires a large set of labeled data collected a priori. In practical applications, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Shen Zhang , Fei Ye , Bingnan Wang , Thomas G. Habetler

Deep neural network-based classifiers are prone to errors when processing adversarial examples (AEs). AEs are minimally perturbed input data undetectable to humans posing significant risks to security-dependent applications. Hence,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Fumiya Morimoto , Ryuto Morita , Satoshi Ono

Nowadays, Presentation Attack Detection is a very active research area. Several databases are constituted in the state-of-the-art using images extracted from videos. One of the main problems identified is that many databases present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Diego Pasmino , Carlos Aravena , Juan Tapia , Christoph Busch

Traditional security detection methods face three key challenges: inadequate data collection that misses critical security events, resource-intensive monitoring systems, and poor detection algorithms with high false positive rates. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Limin Wang , Lei Bu , Muzimiao Zhang , Shihong Cang , Kai Ye