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This paper characterizes the structure of the Age of Information (AoI)-optimal policy in wireless powered communication systems while accounting for the time and energy costs of generating status updates at the source nodes. In particular,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Mohamed A. Abd-Elmagid , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Nikolaos Pappas

Characterizing Age of Information (AoI) in status updating systems with general arrival and service processes has great significance considering that the interarrival and service time of updates can possibly be arbitrary in a real world.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-15 Jixiang Zhang , Han Xu , Daming Cao , Yinfei Xu , Minghao Chen , Chengyu Lin

This paper analyzes the age of information (AoI) for a pinching antenna (PA)-assisted wireless powered communication network (WPCN) with probabilistic line-of-sight (LoS) blockage. AoI is a key metric for evaluating the freshness of status…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Huimin Hu , Ruihong Jiang , Yanqing Xu , Jiarui Ma , Fang Fang

Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) is a newly introduced performance metric that considers communication goals. Therefore, comparing with traditional performance metrics and the recently introduced metric - Age of Information (AoI), AoII…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yutao Chen , Anthony Ephremides

In this paper, for the discrete time status updating system with infinite size, we derive the explicit expression of average age of information (AoI), and the AoI's stationary distribution. Based on the discussions of difference between…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jixiang Zhang , Yinfei Xu

In this paper, we analyze the impact of different encoding schemes on the age of information (AoI) performance in a point-to-point system, where a source generates packets based on the status updates collected from multiple sensors and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Zhifeng Tang , Nan Yang , Parastoo Sadeghi , Xiangyun Zhou

Age-of-Information (AoI) is a recently introduced metric for network operation with sensor applications which quantifies the freshness of data. In the context of networked control systems (NCSs), we compare the worth of the AoI metric with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Onur Ayan , Mikhail Vilgelm , Markus Klügel , Sandra Hirche , Wolfgang Kellerer

Scheduling updates from remote sensors is a key task for the internet of things (IoT). In this context, the mathematical concept of age of information is often used to capture the freshness of received data. This is, in turn, relevant to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Andrea Munari , Leonardo Badia

We consider the peak age-of-information (PAoI) in an M/M/1 queueing system with packet delivery error, i.e., update packets can get lost during transmissions to their destination. We focus on two types of policies, one is to adopt…

Performance · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Kun Chen , Longbo Huang

With the surge in IoT devices ranging from wearables to smart homes, prompt transmission is crucial. The Age of Information (AoI) emerges as a critical metric in this context, representing the freshness of the information transmitted across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Aymen Hamrouni , Sofie Pollin , Hazem Sallouha

The Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) is a recently proposed metric for real-time remote monitoring systems. In particular, AoII measures the time the information at the monitor is incorrect, weighted by the magnitude of this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Konstantinos Bountrogiannis , Anthony Ephremides , Panagiotis Tsakalides , George Tzagkarakis

This work is motivated by the need of collecting fresh data from power-constrained sensors in the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) network. A recently proposed metric, the Age of Information (AoI) is adopted to measure data freshness…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Haoyue Tang , Jintao Wang , Linqi Song , Jian Song

The age of information (AoI) has become a central measure of data freshness in modern wireless systems, yet existing surveys either focus on classical AoI formulations or provide broad discussions of reinforcement learning (RL) in wireless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Alimu Alibotaiken , Suyang Wang , Oluwaseun T. Ajayi , Yu Cheng

The joint design of control and communication scheduling in a Networked Control System (NCS) is known to be a hard problem. Several research works have successfully designed optimal sampling and/or control strategies under simplified…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Jaya Prakash Champati , Mohammad H. Mamduhi , Karl H. Johansson , James Gross

In this paper, a real-time Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring system is considered in which the IoT devices are scheduled to sample underlying physical processes and send the status updates to a common destination. In a real-world IoT, due…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Bo Zhou , Walid Saad

The timeliness of collected information is essential for monitoring and control in data-driven intelligent infrastructures. It is typically quantified using the Age of Information (AoI) metric, which has been widely adopted to capture the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Shih-Kai Chou , Maice Costa , Mihael Mohorčič , Jernej Hribar

This paper investigates the information freshness of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems, where each IoT device makes a partial observation of a common target and transmits the information update to a central receiver to recover…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jiaxin Liang , Tse-Tin Chan , Haoyuan Pan

We consider the problem of minimizing the time average cost of sampling and transmitting status updates by users over a wireless channel subject to average Age of Information constraints (AoI). Errors in the transmission may occur and the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Emmanouil Fountoulakis , Nikolaos Pappas , Marian Codreanu , Anthony Ephremides

In this paper, we consider performing packet managements in discrete time status updating system, focusing on determining the stationary AoI-distribution of the system. Firstly, let the queue model be Ber/G/1/1, we obtain the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Jixiang Zhang

Age-of-Information (AoI) is a performance metric for scheduling systems that measures the freshness of the data available at the intended destination. AoI is formally defined as the time elapsed since the destination received the recent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-20 Archiki Prasad , Vishal Jain , Sharayu Moharir
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