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We draw connections between simple neural networks and under-determined linear systems to comprehensively explore several interesting theoretical questions in the study of neural networks. First, we emphatically show that it is unsurprising…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-02 Austin R. Benson , Anil Damle , Alex Townsend

We can compare the expressiveness of neural networks that use rectified linear units (ReLUs) by the number of linear regions, which reflect the number of pieces of the piecewise linear functions modeled by such networks. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Thiago Serra , Srikumar Ramalingam

Neural networks with the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) nonlinearity are described by a vector of parameters $\theta$, and realized as a piecewise linear continuous function $R_{\theta}: x \in \mathbb R^{d} \mapsto R_{\theta}(x) \in \mathbb…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Pierre Stock , Rémi Gribonval

We introduce and analyze a new technique for model reduction for deep neural networks. While large networks are theoretically capable of learning arbitrarily complex models, overfitting and model redundancy negatively affects the prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Alireza Aghasi , Afshin Abdi , Nam Nguyen , Justin Romberg

We provide a theoretical algorithm for checking local optimality and escaping saddles at nondifferentiable points of empirical risks of two-layer ReLU networks. Our algorithm receives any parameter value and returns: local minimum,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-30 Chulhee Yun , Suvrit Sra , Ali Jadbabaie

The practice of deep learning has shown that neural networks generalize remarkably well even with an extreme number of learned parameters. This appears to contradict traditional statistical wisdom, in which a trade-off between model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yifei Wang , Yixuan Hua , Emmanuel Candés , Mert Pilanci

In this paper, we consider one dimensional (shallow) ReLU neural networks in which weights are chosen randomly and only the terminal layer is trained. First, we mathematically show that for such networks L2-regularized regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jakob Heiss , Josef Teichmann , Hanna Wutte

We propose ReDense as a simple and low complexity way to improve the performance of trained neural networks. We use a combination of random weights and rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function to add a ReLU dense (ReDense) layer to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Alireza M. Javid , Sandipan Das , Mikael Skoglund , Saikat Chatterjee

Implementing deep neural networks for learning the solution maps of parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) turns out to be more efficient than using many conventional numerical methods. However, limited theoretical analyses have…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-31 Zhen Lei , Lei Shi , Chenyu Zeng

Very deep convolutional neural networks introduced new problems like vanishing gradient and degradation. The recent successful contributions towards solving these problems are Residual and Highway Networks. These networks introduce skip…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Anish Shah , Eashan Kadam , Hena Shah , Sameer Shinde , Sandip Shingade

We consider regression estimation with modified ReLU neural networks in which network weight matrices are first modified by a function $\alpha$ before being multiplied by input vectors. We give an example of continuous, piecewise linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-19 Aleksandr Beknazaryan , Hailin Sang

It is shown that over-parameterized neural networks can achieve minimax optimal rates of convergence (up to logarithmic factors) for learning functions from certain smooth function classes, if the weights are suitably constrained or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Yunfei Yang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

In this work, we propose to train a deep neural network by distributed optimization over a graph. Two nonlinear functions are considered: the rectified linear unit (ReLU) and a linear unit with both lower and upper cutoffs (DCutLU). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Guoqiang Zhang , W. Bastiaan Kleijn

This paper provides a least squares formulation for the training of a 2-layer convolutional neural network using quadratic activation functions, a 2-norm loss function, and no regularization term. Using this method, an analytic expression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Zachary Yetman Van Egmond , Luis Rodrigues

We introduce a biologically inspired, multilayer neural architecture composed of Rectified Spectral Units (ReSUs). Each ReSU projects a recent window of its input history onto a canonical direction obtained via canonical correlation…

We consider the natural problem of learning a ReLU network from queries, which was recently remotivated by model extraction attacks. In this work, we present a polynomial-time algorithm that can learn a depth-two ReLU network from queries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Amit Daniely , Elad Granot

For most state-of-the-art architectures, Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) becomes a standard component accompanied with each layer. Although ReLU can ease the network training to an extent, the character of blocking negative values may suppress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Xuanyi Dong , Guoliang Kang , Kun Zhan , Yi Yang

We study the problem of PAC learning one-hidden-layer ReLU networks with $k$ hidden units on $\mathbb{R}^d$ under Gaussian marginals in the presence of additive label noise. For the case of positive coefficients, we give the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Vasilis Kontonis , Nikos Zarifis

With the advancement of deep learning, reducing computational complexity and memory consumption has become a critical challenge, and ternary neural networks (NNs) that restrict parameters to $\{-1, 0, +1\}$ have attracted attention as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuta Nakahara , Manabu Kobayashi , Toshiyasu Matsushima

Rectified linear units (ReLU) are well-known to be helpful in obtaining faster convergence and thus higher performance for many deep-learning-based applications. However, networks with ReLU tend to perform poorly when the number of filter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Jae-Seok Choi , Munchurl Kim