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Related papers: Cardinality estimation using Gumbel distribution

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Unsupervised anomaly detection in medical imaging aims to detect and localize arbitrary anomalies without requiring annotated anomalous data during training. Often, this is achieved by learning a data distribution of normal samples and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Carsten T. Lüth , David Zimmerer , Gregor Koehler , Paul F. Jaeger , Fabian Isensee , Jens Petersen , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

Quantitative analysis of large-scale data is often complicated by the presence of diverse subgroups, which reduce the accuracy of inferences they make on held-out data. To address the challenge of heterogeneous data analysis, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Nazanin Alipourfard , Keith Burghardt , Kristina Lerman

Scaling inference compute in large language models (LLMs) through repeated sampling consistently increases the coverage (fraction of problems solved) as the number of samples increases. We conjecture that this observed improvement is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Gal Yona , Or Honovich , Omer Levy , Roee Aharoni

The numerical representation of high-dimensional Gibbs distributions is challenging due to the curse of dimensionality manifesting through the intractable normalization constant calculations. This work addresses this challenge by performing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Nan Sheng , Xun Tang , Haoxuan Chen , Lexing Ying

Sampling-based algorithms are classical approaches to perform Bayesian inference in inverse problems. They provide estimators with the associated credibility intervals to quantify the uncertainty on the estimators. Although these methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-28 Pierre-Antoine Thouvenin , Audrey Repetti , Pierre Chainais

We present a first principle approach to obtain analytical predictions for spherically-averaged cosmic densities in the mildly non-linear regime that go well beyond what is usually achieved by standard perturbation theory. A large deviation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Cora Uhlemann , Sandrine Codis , Christophe Pichon , Francis Bernardeau , Paulo Reimberg

Astrometric calibration of images with a small field of view is often inferior to the internal accuracy of the source detections due to the small number of accessible guide stars. One important experiment with such challenges is the Hubble…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Fan Tian , Tamás Budavári , Amitabh Basu , Stephen H. Lubow , Richard L. White

A memory-efficient framework is described for the cardinality-constrained structured data-fitting problem. Dual-based atom-identification rules are proposed that reveal the structure of the optimal primal solution from near-optimal dual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-21 Zhenan Fan , Huang Fang , Michael P. Friedlander

Partitioning a set of elements into subsets of a priori unknown sizes is essential in many applications. These subset sizes are rarely explicitly learned - be it the cluster sizes in clustering applications or the number of shared versus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Thomas M. Sutter , Laura Manduchi , Alain Ryser , Julia E. Vogt

Stochastic gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (SGHMC) is an efficient method for sampling from continuous distributions. It is a faster alternative to HMC: instead of using the whole dataset at each iteration, SGHMC uses only a subsample.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Ruqi Zhang , A. Feder Cooper , Christopher De Sa

Formal reasoning about finite sets and cardinality is an important tool for many applications, including software verification, where very often one needs to reason about the size of a given data structure and not only about what its…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Maximiliano Cristiá , Gianfranco Rossi

Diverse human motion prediction aims at predicting multiple possible future pose sequences from a sequence of observed poses. Previous approaches usually employ deep generative networks to model the conditional distribution of data, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Lingwei Dang , Yongwei Nie , Chengjiang Long , Qing Zhang , Guiqing Li

Encoder-Decoder networks such as U-Nets have been applied successfully in a wide range of computer vision tasks, especially for image segmentation of different flavours across different fields. Nevertheless, most applications lack of a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-07 Hubert Bretonnière , Alexandre Boucaud , Marc Huertas-Company

The abundance and mass distribution of galaxy clusters is a sensitive probe of cosmological parameters, through the sensitivity of the high-mass end of the halo mass function to $\Omega_m$ and $\sigma_8$. While galaxy cluster surveys have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 M. Regamey , D. Eckert , R. Seppi , W. Hartley , K. Umetsu , S. Tam , D. Gerolymatou

Various methods in statistical learning build on kernels considered in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. In applications, the kernel is often selected based on characteristics of the problem and the data. This kernel is then employed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-12 Paul Dommel , Alois Pichler

In recent years, network models have gained prominence for their ability to capture complex associations. In statistical omics, networks can be used to model and study the functional relationships between genes, proteins, and other types of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-21 Camilla Lingjærde , Sylvia Richardson

Sequence segmentation is a well-studied problem, where given a sequence of elements, an integer K, and some measure of homogeneity, the task is to split the sequence into K contiguous segments that are maximally homogeneous. A classic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Nikolaj Tatti

To exploit the power of next-generation large-scale structure surveys, ensembles of numerical simulations are necessary to give accurate theoretical predictions of the statistics of observables. High-fidelity simulations come at a towering…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-29 Nicolas Chartier , Benjamin Wandelt , Yashar Akrami , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro

We present a new galaxy cluster lens modeling approach, hybrid-Lenstool, that is implemented in the publicly available modeling software Lenstool. hybrid-Lenstool combines a parametric approach to model the core of the cluster, and a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-26 Anna Niemiec , Mathilde Jauzac , Eric Jullo , Marceau Limousin , Keren Sharon , Jean-Paul Kneib , Priyamvada Natarajan , Johan Richard

The effect of curvature on the results of fractal analyses of the galaxy distribution is investigated. We show that, if the universe satisfies the criteria of a wide class of parabolic homogeneous models, the observers measuring the fractal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Marie-Noëlle Célérier , Reuben Thieberger