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Backpropagation (BP) is the standard algorithm for training the deep neural networks that power modern artificial intelligence including large language models. However, BP is energy inefficient and unlikely to be implemented by the brain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Francesco Innocenti

Recent trends show recognition accuracy increasing even more profoundly. Inference process of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) has a large number of parameters, requires a large amount of computation, and can be very slow. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Ryuji Kamiya , Takayoshi Yamashita , Mitsuru Ambai , Ikuro Sato , Yuji Yamauchi , Hironobu Fujiyoshi

Inspired by recent advances in deep learning, we propose a framework for reconstructing dynamic sequences of 2D cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) images from undersampled data using a deep cascade of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Jo Schlemper , Jose Caballero , Joseph V. Hajnal , Anthony Price , Daniel Rueckert

Recursive Neural Networks are non-linear adaptive models that are able to learn deep structured information. However, these models have not yet been broadly accepted. This fact is mainly due to its inherent complexity. In particular, not…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2009-11-18 Alejandro Chinea

Many techniques have been developed, such as model compression, to make Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) inference more efficiently. Nevertheless, DNNs still lack excellent run-time dynamic inference capability to enable users trade-off accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Li Yang , Zhezhi He , Yu Cao , Deliang Fan

As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) grow in size and complexity, they often exceed the memory capacity of a single accelerator, necessitating the sharding of model parameters across multiple accelerators. Pipeline parallelism is a commonly used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Christopher Rae , Joseph K. L. Lee , James Richings

Deep neural network (DNN) based approaches hold significant potential for reinforcement learning (RL) and have already shown remarkable gains over state-of-art methods in a number of applications. The effectiveness of DNN methods can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-01 Henghui Zhu , Feng Nan , Ioannis Paschalidis , Venkatesh Saligrama

In the past decade, deep neural networks (DNNs) came to the fore as the leading machine learning algorithms for a variety of tasks. Their raise was founded on market needs and engineering craftsmanship, the latter based more on trial and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Omry Cohen , Or Malka , Zohar Ringel

Accelerating the data acquisition of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) leads to a challenging ill-posed inverse problem, which has received great interest from both the signal processing and machine learning community over the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Chen Qin , Jo Schlemper , Jose Caballero , Anthony Price , Joseph V. Hajnal , Daniel Rueckert

Training deep neural networks (DNNs) on edge devices has attracted increasing attention due to its potential to address challenges related to domain adaptation and privacy preservation. However, DNNs typically rely on large datasets for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Boran Zhao , Haiduo Huang , Qiwei Dang , Wenzhe Zhao , Tian Xia , Pengju Ren

Achieving high-quality Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction at accelerated acquisition rates remains challenging due to the inherent ill-posed nature of the inverse problem. Traditional Compressed Sensing (CS) methods, while…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Pierre-Antoine Comby , Benjamin Lapostolle , Matthieu Terris , Philippe Ciuciu

A unified self-supervised and supervised deep learning framework for PET image reconstruction is presented, including deep-learned filtered backprojection (DL-FBP) for sinograms, deep-learned backproject then filter (DL-BPF) for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Andrew J. Reader

Iterative neural networks (INN) are rapidly gaining attention for solving inverse problems in imaging, image processing, and computer vision. INNs combine regression NNs and an iterative model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) algorithm,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Il Yong Chun , Zhengyu Huang , Hongki Lim , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Deep learning has become an increasingly popular and powerful methodology for modern pattern recognition systems. However, many deep neural networks have millions or billions of parameters, making them untenable for real-world applications…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Manoj Alwani , Yang Wang , Vashisht Madhavan

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely used in clinical practice, but suffered from prolonged acquisition time. Although deep learning methods have been proposed to accelerate acquisition and demonstrate promising performance, they rely…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Hao Zhang , Qi Wang , Jian Sun , Zhijie Wen , Jun Shi , Shihui Ying

Deep learning is also known as hierarchical learning, where the learner _learns_ to represent a complicated target function by decomposing it into a sequence of simpler functions to reduce sample and time complexity. This paper formally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li

Compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) is a theoretical framework that can accurately reconstruct images from undersampled k-space data with a much lower sampling rate than the one set by the classical Nyquist-Shannon…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Maosong Ran , Wenjun Xia , Yongqiang Huang , Zexin Lu , Peng Bao , Yan Liu , Huaiqiang Sun , Jiliu Zhou , Yi Zhang

Physics-guided deep learning (PG-DL) via algorithm unrolling has received significant interest for improved image reconstruction, including MRI applications. These methods unroll an iterative optimization algorithm into a series of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-17 Burhaneddin Yaman , Seyed Amir Hossein Hosseini , Steen Moeller , Mehmet Akçakaya

Advances in optical and electrophysiological recording technologies have made it possible to record the dynamics of thousands of neurons, opening up new possibilities for interpreting and controlling large neural populations in behaving…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-20 Fatih Dinc , Adam Shai , Mark Schnitzer , Hidenori Tanaka

Discontinuous motion which is a motion composed of multiple continuous motions with sudden change in direction or velocity in between, can be seen in state-aware robotic tasks. Such robotic tasks are often coordinated with sensor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Edgar Anarossi , Hirotaka Tahara , Naoto Komeno , Takamitsu Matsubara