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Classical causal inference assumes treatments meant for a given unit do not have an effect on other units. This assumption is violated in interference problems, where new types of spillover causal effects arise, and causal inference becomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Ilya Shpitser , Chan Park , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen , Ryan Andrews

Identifying the main features and learning the causal relationships of a dynamic system from time-series of sensor data are key problems in many real-world robot applications. In this paper, we propose an extension of a state-of-the-art…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Luca Castri , Sariah Mghames , Marc Hanheide , Nicola Bellotto

Much of our experiments are designed to uncover the cause(s) and effect(s) behind a data generating mechanism (i.e., phenomenon) we happen to be interested in. Uncovering such relationships allows us to identify the true working of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 M. Z. Naser

Massive data collection holds the promise of a better understanding of complex phenomena and, ultimately, better decisions. Representation learning has become a key driver of deep learning applications, as it allows learning latent spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Caroline Uhler , Jiaqi Zhang

We develop a framework for causal inference with continuous spatiotemporal point-process outcomes under cell-level interventions and outcome spillover. Potential outcomes are indexed by full treatment allocations, and the observed…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-15 Conor Kresin , Duncan A. Clark , Louis Davis , Martin Hazelton

I present a scheme of drawing causal diagrams based on physically motivated mathematical models expressed in terms of temporal differential equations. They provide a means of better understanding the processes and causal relationships…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-09-07 Paul Kinsler

Deep learning has revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence. Based on the statistical correlations uncovered by deep learning-based methods, computer vision has contributed to tremendous growth in areas like autonomous driving and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Kexuan Zhang , Qiyu Sun , Chaoqiang Zhao , Yang Tang

Causal inference in connected populations is non-trivial, because the treatment assignments of units can affect the outcomes of other units via treatment and outcome spillover. Since outcome spillover induces dependence among outcomes,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-25 Subhankar Bhadra , Michael Schweinberger

This paper analyzes the notion of causality in a conceptual model, mainly as applied in software engineering. Conceptual system modeling can be considered a three-level process that begins with building a static structural description to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Sabah Al-Fedaghi

We present a domain-general account of causation that applies to settings in which macro-level causal relations between two systems are of interest, but the relevant causal features are poorly understood and have to be aggregated from vast…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-29 Krzysztof Chalupka , Pietro Perona , Frederick Eberhardt

Uncovering cause-effect relationships from observational time series is fundamental to understanding complex systems. While many methods infer static causal graphs, real-world systems often exhibit dynamic causality-where relationships…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Tingzhu Bi , Yicheng Pan , Xinrui Jiang , Huize Sun , Meng Ma , Ping Wang

The era of big data has witnessed an increasing availability of observational data from mobile and social networking, online advertising, web mining, healthcare, education, public policy, marketing campaigns, and so on, which facilitates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Zhixuan Chu , Ruopeng Li , Stephen Rathbun , Sheng Li

We develop rigorous notions of causality and causal separability in the process framework introduced in [Oreshkov, Costa, Brukner, Nat. Commun. 3, 1092 (2012)], which describes correlations between separate local experiments without a prior…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-14 Ognyan Oreshkov , Christina Giarmatzi

Exploring causal relationships in stochastic time series is a challenging yet crucial task with a vast range of applications, including finance, economics, neuroscience, and climate science. Many algorithms for Causal Discovery (CD) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Matteo Tusoni , Giuseppe Masi , Andrea Coletta , Aldo Glielmo , Viviana Arrigoni , Novella Bartolini

It is shown that due to memory effects the complex behaviour of components in a stochastic system can be transmitted to macroscopic evolution of the system as a whole. Within the Markov approximation widely using in ordinary statistical…

adap-org · Physics 2009-10-30 A. A. Stanislavsky

Bidirectional causal relationships arising from mutual interactions between variables are commonly observed within biomedical, econometrical, and social science contexts. When such relationships are further complicated by unobserved…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Yafang Deng , Kang Shuai , Shanshan Luo

It is often useful in multivariate time series analysis to determine statistical causal relations between different time series. Granger causality is a fundamental measure for this purpose. Yet the traditional pairwise approach to Granger…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Yonghong Chen , Steven L. Bressler , Mingzhou Ding

Discovering causal relationships from observational data is a challenging task that relies on assumptions connecting statistical quantities to graphical or algebraic causal models. In this work, we focus on widely employed assumptions for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-20 Jonas Wahl , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge

This work extends causal inference with stochastic confounders. We propose a new approach to variational estimation for causal inference based on a representer theorem with a random input space. We estimate causal effects involving latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-26 Thanh Vinh Vo , Pengfei Wei , Wicher Bergsma , Tze-Yun Leong

Complex adaptive agents consistently achieve their goals by solving problems that seem to require an understanding of causal information, information pertaining to the causal relationships that exist among elements of combined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Filippo Torresan , Manuel Baltieri