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A large number of retinal vessel analysis methods based on image segmentation have emerged in recent years. However, existing methods depend on cumbersome backbones, such as VGG16 and ResNet-50, benefiting from their powerful feature…

Human-machine interaction through augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) is increasingly prevalent, requiring accurate and efficient gaze estimation which hinges on the accuracy of eye segmentation to enable smooth user…

Being able to adequately process and combine data arising from different sites is crucial in neuroimaging, but is difficult, owing to site, sequence and acquisition-parameter dependent biases. It is important therefore to design algorithms…

Recent studies have confirmed cardiovascular diseases remain responsible for highest death toll amongst non-communicable diseases. Accurate left ventricular (LV) volume estimation is critical for valid diagnosis and management of various…

As deep learning (DL) is being rapidly pushed to edge computing, researchers invented various ways to make inference computation more efficient on mobile/IoT devices, such as network pruning, parameter compression, and etc. Quantization, as…

Despite the recent success of deep learning methods at achieving new state-of-the-art accuracy for medical image segmentation, some major limitations are still restricting their deployment into clinics. One major limitation of deep…

Neural networks (NNs) lack measures of "reliability" estimation that would enable reasoning over their predictions. Despite the vital importance, especially in areas of human well-being and health, state-of-the-art uncertainty estimation…

Uncertainty quantification is an important and challenging problem in deep learning. Previous methods rely on dropout layers which are not present in modern deep architectures or batch normalization which is sensitive to batch sizes. In…

Medical image segmentation is pivotal in healthcare, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, informing treatment strategies, and tracking disease progression. This process allows clinicians to extract critical information from visual data, enabling…

In safety-critical applications like medical diagnosis, certainty associated with a model's prediction is just as important as its accuracy. Consequently, uncertainty estimation and reduction play a crucial role. Uncertainty in predictions…

Factors that limit the size of the input and output of a neural network include memory requirements for the network states/activations to compute gradients, as well as memory for the convolutional kernels or other weights. The memory…

Computational modeling of cardiovascular function has become a critical part of diagnosing, treating and understanding cardiovascular disease. Most strategies involve constructing anatomically accurate computer models of cardiovascular…

Segmentation has been a major task in neuroimaging. A large number of automated methods have been developed for segmenting healthy and diseased brain tissues. In recent years, deep learning techniques have attracted a lot of attention as a…

Probabilistic image segmentation encodes varying prediction confidence and inherent ambiguity in the segmentation problem. While different probabilistic segmentation models are designed to capture different aspects of segmentation…

Medical imaging datasets often contain heterogeneous biases ranging from erroneous labels to inconsistent labeling styles. Such biases can negatively impact deep segmentation networks performance. Yet, the identification and…

Accuracy segmentation of brain structures could be helpful for glioma and radiotherapy planning. However, due to the visual and anatomical differences between different modalities, the accurate segmentation of brain structures becomes…

Much of neuroscience aims at reverse engineering the brain, but we only record a small number of neurons at a time. We do not currently know if reverse engineering the brain requires us to simultaneously record most neurons or if multiple…

Medical image segmentation is fundamental to clinical workflows, yet models trained on a single dataset often fail to generalize across institutions, scanners, or patient populations. While vision foundation models have shown great promise…

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully implemented to various image recognition applications, such as medical image analysis, object detection, and image segmentation. Many studies and applications have…

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an important functional medical imaging technique often used in the evaluation of certain brain disorders, whose reconstruction problem is ill-posed. The vast majority of reconstruction methods in PET…