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Smart grid is an alternative solution of the conventional power grid which harnesses the power of the information technology to save the energy and meet today's environment requirements. Due to the inherent vulnerabilities in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Zakaria El Mrabet , Mehdi Ezzari , Hassan Elghazi , Badr Abou El Majd

Power system state estimation is being faced with different types of anomalies. These might include bad data caused by gross measurement errors or communication system failures. Sudden changes in load or generation can be considered as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Sajjad Asefi , Mile Mitrovic , Dragan Ćetenović , Victor Levi , Elena Gryazina , Vladimir Terzija

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate sensing, communication, computation, and control to support critical infrastructure, including smart grids, industrial automation, and control systems. In the electrical utility domain, various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Abile Jean , Kuniyilh S

In the network security domain, due to practical issues -- including imbalanced data and heterogeneous legitimate network traffic -- adversarial attacks in machine learning-based NIDSs have been viewed as attack packets misclassified as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mohammad Shamim Ahsan , Peng Liu

This paper addresses the problem of detecting false data injection (FDI) attacks in a distributed network without a fusion center, represented by a connected graph among multiple agent nodes. Each agent node is equipped with a sensor, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Saqib Abbas Baba , Arpan Chattopadhyay

False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) pose severe security risks to smart grids by manipulating measurement data collected from spatially distributed devices such as SCADA systems and PMUs. These measurements typically exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yunfeng Li , Junhong Liu , Zhaohui Yang , Guofu Liao , Chuyun Zhang

We study the security threats of power system operation brought by a class of data injection attacks upon load forecasting algorithms. In particular, with minimal assumptions on the knowledge and ability of the attacker, we design attack…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Yize Chen , Yushi Tan , Ling Zhang , Baosen Zhang

The rise of cyber-security concerns has brought significant attention to the analysis and design of cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Among the various types of cyberattacks, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and false data injection (FDI)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-06 Wenjie Liu , Lidong Li , Jian Sun , Fang Deng , Gang Wang , Jie Chen

Data injection attacks (DIAs) pose a significant cybersecurity threat to the Smart Grid by enabling an attacker to compromise the integrity of data acquisition and manipulate estimated states without triggering bad data detection…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Ke Sun , Iñaki Esnaola , H. Vincent Poor

Sensor systems are extremely popular today and vulnerable to sensor data attacks. Due to possible devastating consequences, counteracting sensor data attacks is an extremely important topic, which has not seen sufficient study. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xubin Fang , Rick S. Blum , Ramesh Bharadwaj , Brian M. Sadler

Data attacks on state estimation modify part of system measurements such that the tempered measurements cause incorrect system state estimates. Attack techniques proposed in the literature often require detailed knowledge of system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-19 Jinsub Kim , Lang Tong , Robert J. Thomas

In smart grid, malicious customers may compromise their smart meters (SMs) to report false readings to achieve financial gains illegally. Reporting false readings not only causes hefty financial losses to the utility but may also degrade…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Mahmoud M. Badr , Mohamed I. Ibrahem , Mohamed Mahmoud , Mostafa M. Fouda , Waleed Alasmary

Recent studies have shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether a data record was used to train a target model or not. To analyze and study these vulnerabilities, various…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-12 Chenxu Zhao , Wei Qian , Aobo Chen , Mengdi Huai

We here investigate secure control of networked control systems developing a new dynamic watermarking (DW) scheme. Firstly, the weaknesses of the conventional DW scheme are revealed, and the tradeoff between the effectiveness of false data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-27 Dajun Du , Changda Zhang , Xue Li , Minrui Fei , Taicheng Yang , Huiyu Zhou

In this paper, we consider a hierarchical control based DC microgrid (DCmG) equipped with unknown input observer (UIO) based detectors, where the potential false data injection (FDI) attacks and the distributed countermeasure are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-29 Mengxiang Liu , Peng Cheng , Chengcheng Zhao , Ruilong Deng , Wenhai Wang , Jiming Chen

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems can use AI-based models to ensure secure communications. IoT systems tend to have many connected devices producing massive amounts of data with high dimensionality,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Ali Ghubaish , Zebo Yang , Aiman Erbad , Raj Jain

There are hardly any data sets publicly available that can be used to evaluate intrusion detection algorithms. The biggest threat for industrial applications arises from state-sponsored and criminal groups. Often, formerly unknown exploits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Simon Duque Antón , Michael Gundall , Daniel Fraunholz , Hans Dieter Schotten

With the increasing use of information and communication technology in electrical power grids, the security of energy supply is increasingly threatened by cyber-attacks. Traditional cyber-security measures, such as firewalls or intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Ömer Sen , Dennis van der Velde , Philipp Linnartz , Immanuel Hacker , Martin Henze , Michael Andres , Andreas Ulbig

Power grids heavily rely on Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems to maintain grid stability by balancing generation and demand. However, the increasing digitization and interconnection of power grid infrastructure expose AGC systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Vasileios Dimitropoulos , Andreas D. Syrmakesis , Nikos Hatziargyriou

In this study, we introduce a novel unsupervised countermeasure for smart grid power systems, based on generative adversarial networks (GANs). Given the pivotal role of smart grid systems (SGSs) in urban life, their security is of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-14 Mohammad Adiban , Arash Safari , Giampiero Salvi