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A complementary label (CL) simply indicates an incorrect class of an example, but learning with CLs results in multi-class classifiers that can predict the correct class. Unfortunately, the problem setting only allows a single CL for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Lei Feng , Takuo Kaneko , Bo Han , Gang Niu , Bo An , Masashi Sugiyama

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

In partial label learning (PLL), each instance is associated with a set of candidate labels among which only one is ground-truth. The majority of the existing works focuses on constructing robust classifiers to estimate the labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Chongjie Si , Xuehui Wang , Yan Wang , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

Multi-label classification is prevalent in real-world settings, but the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) in this setting is understudied. We investigate how autoregressive LLMs perform multi-label classification, focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Marcus Ma , Georgios Chochlakis , Niyantha Maruthu Pandiyan , Jesse Thomason , Shrikanth Narayanan

In partial label learning (PLL), every sample is associated with a candidate label set comprising the ground-truth label and several noisy labels. The conventional PLL assumes the noisy labels are randomly generated (instance-independent),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Fuchao Yang , Jianhong Cheng , Hui Liu , Yongqiang Dong , Yuheng Jia , Junhui Hou

This paper introduces a solid state-of-the-art baseline for a class-incremental semantic segmentation (CISS) problem. While the recent CISS algorithms utilize variants of the knowledge distillation (KD) technique to tackle the problem, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Sungmin Cha , Beomyoung Kim , Youngjoon Yoo , Taesup Moon

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) is implemented when algorithms are trained on both labeled and unlabeled data. This is a very common application of ML as it is unrealistic to obtain a fully labeled dataset. Researchers have tackled three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Jason Lu , Michael Ma , Huaze Xu , Zixi Xu

Pairwise difference learning (PDL) has recently been introduced as a new meta-learning technique for regression. Instead of learning a mapping from instances to outcomes in the standard way, the key idea is to learn a function that takes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Mohamed Karim Belaid , Maximilian Rabus , Eyke Hüllermeier

Objects are usually associated with multiple attributes, and these attributes often exhibit high correlations. Modeling complex relationships between attributes poses a great challenge for multi-attribute learning. This paper proposes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Wanhua Li , Zhexuan Cao , Jianjiang Feng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Existing multi-label ranking (MLR) frameworks only exploit information deduced from the bipartition of labels into positive and negative sets. Therefore, they do not benefit from ranking among positive labels, which is the novel MLR…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 V. Bugra Yesilkaynak , Emine Dari , Alican Mertan , Gozde Unal

Being able to model correlations between labels is considered crucial in multi-label classification. Rule-based models enable to expose such dependencies, e.g., implications, subsumptions, or exclusions, in an interpretable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yannik Klein , Michael Rapp , Eneldo Loza Mencía

Partial label learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning problem, where each training example is associated with a set of candidate labels among which only one is true. Most existing PLL approaches assume that the incorrect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Congyu Qiao , Ning Xu , Xin Geng

Standard plane recognition plays an important role in prenatal ultrasound (US) screening. Automatically recognizing the standard plane along with the corresponding anatomical structures in US image can not only facilitate US image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Shuangchi He , Zehui Lin , Xin Yang , Chaoyu Chen , Jian Wang , Xue Shuang , Ziwei Deng , Qin Liu , Yan Cao , Xiduo Lu , Ruobing Huang , Nishant Ravikumar , Alejandro Frangi , Yuanji Zhang , Yi Xiong , Dong Ni

Recently, large-scale visual language pre-trained (VLP) models have demonstrated impressive performance across various downstream tasks. Motivated by these advancements, pioneering efforts have emerged in multi-label image recognition with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Leilei Ma , Hongxing Xie , Lei Wang , Yanping Fu , Dengdi Sun , Haifeng Zhao

Existed pre-trained models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various text classification tasks. These models have proven to be useful in learning universal language representations. However, the semantic discrepancy between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Jinhe Lan , Qingyuan Zhan , Chenhao Jiang , Kunping Yuan , Desheng Wang

Here we study the problem of learning labels for large text corpora where each text can be assigned a variable number of labels. The problem might seem trivial when the label dimensionality is small and can be easily solved using a series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Sayantan Dasgupta

Multi-instance partial-label learning (MIPL) is a weakly supervised framework that extends the principles of multi-instance learning (MIL) and partial-label learning (PLL) to address the challenges of inexact supervision in both instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Wei Tang , Yin-Fang Yang , Weijia Zhang , Min-Ling Zhang

Existing feature engineering methods based on large language models (LLMs) have not yet been applied to multi-label learning tasks. They lack the ability to model complex label dependencies and are not specifically adapted to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Wanfu Gao , Zebin He , Jun Gao

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are becoming increasingly popular across various visual tasks, and several open-sourced VLM variants have been released. However, selecting the best-performing pre-trained VLM for a specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hao-Zhe Tan , Zhi Zhou , Yu-Feng Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Partial label learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning framework, where each training instance is associated with a candidate label set, among which only one label is valid. To solve PLL problems, typically methods try to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Bo-Shi Zou , Ming-Kun Xie , Sheng-Jun Huang