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Reinforcement learning (RL) methods learn optimal decisions in the presence of a stationary environment. However, the stationary assumption on the environment is very restrictive. In many real world problems like traffic signal control,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Sindhu Padakandla , Prabuchandran K. J , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Safety is essential for reinforcement learning (RL) applied in real-world situations. Chance constraints are suitable to represent the safety requirements in stochastic systems. Previous chance-constrained RL methods usually have a low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Baiyu Peng , Yao Mu , Yang Guan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yuming Yin , Jianyu Chen

Ensuring safety in autonomous driving (AD) remains a significant challenge, especially in highly dynamic and complex traffic environments where diverse agents interact and unexpected hazards frequently emerge. Traditional reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Dong Hu , Fenqing Hu , Lidong Yang , Chao Huang

We address the problem of deploying a reinforcement learning (RL) agent on a physical system such as a datacenter cooling unit or robot, where critical constraints must never be violated. We show how to exploit the typically smooth dynamics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Gal Dalal , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Matej Vecerik , Todd Hester , Cosmin Paduraru , Yuval Tassa

Safety in reinforcement learning (RL) is a key property in both training and execution in many domains such as autonomous driving or finance. In this paper, we formalize it with a constrained RL formulation in the distributional RL setting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Jianyi Zhang , Paul Weng

This paper proposes an adaptable path tracking control system based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) for autonomous cars. A four-parameter controller shapes the behavior of the vehicle to navigate on lane changes and roundabouts. The tuning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 Ana Carrasco , João Sequeira

Ensuring reliability in modern software systems requires rigorous pre-production testing across highly heterogeneous and evolving environments. Because exhaustive evaluation is infeasible, practitioners must decide how to allocate limited…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yu Zhu

Path planning in dynamic environments is a fundamental challenge in intelligent transportation and robotics, where obstacles and conditions change over time, introducing uncertainty and requiring continuous adaptation. While existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Jonas De Maeyer , Hossein Yarahmadi , Moharram Challenger

Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques have drawn great attention in many challenging tasks, but their performance deteriorates dramatically when applied to real-world problems. Various methods, such as domain randomization, have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Wangyang Yue , Yuan Zhou , Xiaochuan Zhang , Yuchen Hua , Zhiyuan Wang , Guang Kou

Safety has been recognized as the central obstacle to preventing the use of reinforcement learning (RL) for real-world applications. Different methods have been developed to deal with safety concerns in RL. However, learning reliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Huiliang Zhang , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

Applications of reinforcement learning (RL) are popular in autonomous driving tasks. That being said, tuning the performance of an RL agent and guaranteeing the generalization performance across variety of different driving scenarios is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Anil Ozturk , Mustafa Burak Gunel , Resul Dagdanov , Mirac Ekim Vural , Ferhat Yurdakul , Melih Dal , Nazim Kemal Ure

Before deploying autonomous agents in the real world, we need to be confident they will perform safely in novel situations. Ideally, we would expose agents to a very wide range of situations during training, allowing them to learn about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Zachary Kenton , Angelos Filos , Owain Evans , Yarin Gal

Reinforcement learning shows great potential to solve complex contact-rich robot manipulation tasks. However, the safety of using RL in the real world is a crucial problem, since unexpected dangerous collisions might happen when the RL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiang Zhu , Shucheng Kang , Jianyu Chen

Designing optimal controllers continues to be challenging as systems are becoming complex and are inherently nonlinear. The principal advantage of reinforcement learning (RL) is its ability to learn from the interaction with the environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Savinay Nagendra , Nikhil Podila , Rashmi Ugarakhod , Koshy George

Safe reinforcement learning in nonstationary environments requires safety mechanisms that adapt as environmental conditions change. Standard safe reinforcement learning methods often assume fixed constraints or stable environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Timofey Tomashevskiy

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Safe reinforcement learning is a promising path toward applying reinforcement learning algorithms to real-world problems, where suboptimal behaviors may lead to actual negative consequences. In this work, we focus on the setting where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Garrett Thomas , Yuping Luo , Tengyu Ma

Reinforcement learning (RL) has revolutionized decision-making across a wide range of domains over the past few decades. Yet, deploying RL policies in real-world scenarios presents the crucial challenge of ensuring safety. Traditional safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Lunet Yifru , Ali Baheri

Recent progress in AI and Reinforcement learning has shown great success in solving complex problems with high dimensional state spaces. However, most of these successes have been primarily in simulated environments where failure is of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Bharat Prakash , Mohit Khatwani , Nicholas Waytowich , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Recent research has turned to Reinforcement Learning (RL) to solve challenging decision problems, as an alternative to hand-tuned heuristics. RL can learn good policies without the need for modeling the environment's dynamics. Despite this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Pouya Hamadanian , Malte Schwarzkopf , Siddartha Sen , Mohammad Alizadeh
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