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Related papers: Superbridge and Bridge Indices for Knots

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Let $K,K'$ be two-bridge knots of genus $n,k$ respectively. We show the necessary and sufficient condition of $n$ in terms of $k$ that there exists an epimorphism from the knot group of $K$ onto that of $K'$.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-07-13 Masaaki Suzuki , Anh T. Tran

We define the symmetric braid index $b_s(K)$ of a ribbon knot $K$ to be the smallest index of a braid whose closure yields a symmetric union diagram of $K$, and derive a Khovanov-homological characterisation of knots with $b_s(K)$ at most…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Vitalijs Brejevs , Feride Ceren Kose

A knotted ribbon is one of physical aspect of a knot. A folded ribbon knot is a depiction of a knot obtained by folding a long and thin rectangular strip to become flat. The ribbonlength of a knot type can be defined as the minimum length…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Hyoungjun Kim , Sungjong No , Hyungkee Yoo

In this paper we use continued fractions to study a partial order on the set of 2-bridge knots derived from the work of Ohtsuki, Riley, and Sakuma. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for any set of 2-bridge knots to have an…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-01-24 Scott M. Garrabrant , Jim Hoste , Patrick D. Shanahan

Given a connected cobordism between two knots in the 3-sphere, our main result is an inequality involving torsion orders of the knot Floer homology of the knots, and the number of local maxima and the genus of the cobordism. This has…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-04 András Juhász , Maggie Miller , Ian Zemke

Given a diagram $D$ of a knot $K$, we consider the number $c(D)$ of crossings and the number $b(D)$ of overpasses of $D$. We show that, if $D$ is a diagram of a nontrivial knot $K$ whose number $c(D)$ of crossings is minimal, then…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-11-10 Jae-Wook Chung , Xiao-Song Lin

We show that the average or expected absolute value of the signatures of all 2-bridge knots with crossing number $c$ approaches $\sqrt{{2c}/{\pi}}$. Baader, Kjuchukova, Lewark, Misev, and Ray consider a model for 2-bridge knot diagrams…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Moshe Cohen , Adam M. Lowrance , Neal Madras , Steven Raanes

The ribbon number $r(K)$ of a ribbon knot $K \subset S^3$ is the minimal number of ribbon intersections contained in any ribbon disk bounded by $K$. We find new lower bounds for $r(K)$ using $\det(K)$ and $\Delta_K(t)$, and we prove that…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Stefan Friedl , Filip Misev , Alexander Zupan

We investigate connections between biquandle colorings, quiver enhancements, and several notions of the bridge numbers $b_i(K)$ for virtual links, where $i=1,2$. We show that for any positive integers $m \leq n$, there exists a virtual link…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Tirasan Khandhawit , Puttipong Pongtanapaisan , Brandon Wang

We give a criterion for distinguishing a prime knot $K$ in $S^3$ from every other knot in $S^3$ using the finite quotients of $\pi_1(S^3\setminus K)$. Using recent work of Baldwin-Sivek, we apply this criterion to the hyperbolic knots…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Tamunonye Cheetham-West

A partial order on prime knots can be defined by declaring $J\ge K$ if there exists an epimorphism from the knot group of $J$ onto the knot group of $K$. Suppose that $J$ is a 2-bridge knot that is strictly greater than $m$ distinct,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-10-12 Jim Hoste , Joshua Ocana Mercado , Patrick D. Shanahan

Knots and links which are closed 3-braids are a very special class. Like 2-bridge knots and links, they are simple enough to admit a complete classification. At the same time they are rich enough to serve as a source of examples on which,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-05-14 Joan S. Birman , William W. Menasco

In this paper we are interested in BB knots, namely knots and links where the bridge index equals the braid index. Supported by observations from experiments, it is conjectured that BB knots possess a special geometric/physical property…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-08-27 Yuanan Diao , Claus Ernst , Philipp Reiter

Symmetries of knots have been studied extensively, and strongly invertible knots are one of them. Lamm defined the equivariant crossing number $c_t(K)$, the minimum crossing number among all symmetric diagrams for a strongly invertible knot…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Jundai Nanasawa

We exhibit an algorithm to determine the bridge number of a hyperbolic knot in the 3-sphere. The proof uses adaptations of almost normal surface theory for compact surfaces with boundary in ideally triangulated knot exteriors.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-03-29 Alexander Coward

We give the bridge indices for 11-crossing prime knots and give a minimal bridge projection for each of these knots. The results on the indices may be easily summarized: all of these knots that are not rational knots or Montesinos knots…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Chad Musick

A long standing open conjecture states that if a link $\mathcal{K}$ is alternating, then its ropelength $L(\mathcal{K})$ is at least of the order $O(Cr(\mathcal{K}))$. A recent result shows that the maximum braid index of a link bounds the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Yuanan Diao

We introduce an unknotting-type number of knot projections that gives an upper bound of the crosscap number of knots. We determine the set of knot projections with the unknotting-type number at most two, and this result implies classical…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Noboru Ito , Yusuke Takimura

We introduce a new numerical invariant of knots and links from the descending diagrams. It is considered to live between the unknotting number and the bridge number.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-24 Makoto Ozawa

A triple crossing is a crossing in a projection of a knot or link that has three strands of the knot passing straight through it. A triple crossing projection is a projection such that all of the crossings are triple crossings. We prove…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-05 Colin Adams