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A universal Turing machine is a powerful concept - a single device can compute any function that is computable. A universal spin model, similarly, is a class of physical systems whose low energy behavior simulates that of any spin system.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tomáš Gonda , Gemma De les Coves

Inductive inference is a recursion-theoretic theory of learning, first developed by E. M. Gold (1967). This paper surveys developments in probabilistic inductive inference. We mainly focus on finite inference of recursive functions, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis

The form and justification of inductive inference rules depend strongly on the representation of uncertainty. This paper examines one generic representation, namely, incomplete information. The notion can be formalized by presuming that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Norman C. Dalkey

Large language models are able to perform a task by conditioning on a few input-output demonstrations - a paradigm known as in-context learning. We show that language models can explicitly infer an underlying task from a few demonstrations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Or Honovich , Uri Shaham , Samuel R. Bowman , Omer Levy

Most categorical models of meaning use a functor from the syntactic category to the semantic category. When semantic information is available, the problem of grammar induction can therefore be defined as finding preimages of the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-12-31 Antonin Delpeuch

The notion of class is ubiquitous in computer science and is central in many formalisms for the representation of structured knowledge used both in knowledge representation and in databases. In this paper we study the basic issues…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 D. Calvanese , M. Lenzerini , D. Nardi

Mathematical models are an important tool for neuroscientists. During the last thirty years many papers have appeared on single neuron description and specifically on stochastic Integrate and Fire models. Analytical results have been proved…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-01-31 Laura Sacerdote , Maria Teresa Giraudo

In the impredicative type theory of System F ({\lambda}2), it is possible to create inductive data types, such as natural numbers and lists. It is also possible to create coinductive data types such as streams. They work well in the sense…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Steven Bronsveld , Herman Geuvers , Niels van der Weide

In reductive proof search, proofs are naturally generalized by solutions, comprising all possibly infinite structures generated by locally correct, bottom-up application of inference rules. We propose an extension of the Curry-Howard…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-30 José Espírito Santo , Ralph Matthes , Luís Pinto

We present an elaboration of inductive definitions down to a universe of datatypes. The universe of datatypes is an internal presentation of strictly positive families within type theory. By elaborating an inductive definition -- a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2012-11-01 Pierre-Evariste Dagand , Conor McBride

Sharing of notations and theories across an inheritance hierarchy of mathematical structures, e.g., groups and rings, is important for productivity when formalizing mathematics in proof assistants. The packed classes methodology is a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Kazuhiko Sakaguchi

It is shown that as knowledge is structured, it comes in modules. This provides different " layers of reality ". Each layer of reality has its own distinctive inductive logic which may differ from that of the others. All this is woven…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Afsar Abbas

Guarded recursion is a powerful modal approach to recursion that can be seen as an abstract form of step-indexing. It is currently used extensively in separation logic to model programming languages with advanced features by solving domain…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Magnus Baunsgaard Kristensen , Rasmus Ejlers Møgelberg , Andrea Vezzosi

We give an algebraic characterization of the syntax and semantics of a class of simply-typed languages, such as the language PCF: we characterize simply-typed binding syntax equipped with reduction rules via a universal property, namely as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-08-28 Benedikt Ahrens

Rewriting Induction (RI) is a principle to prove that an equation over terms is an inductive theorem of a rewrite system, i.e., that any ground instance of the equation is a theorem of the rewrite system. RI has been adapted to several…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Naoki Nishida , Kazushi Nishie , Misaki Kojima

Deep data types are those that are constructed from other data types, including, possibly, themselves. In this case, they are said to be truly nested. Deep induction is an extension of structural induction that traverses all of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Patricia Johann , Enrico Ghiorzi

In the area of inductive learning, generalization is a main operation, and the usual definition of induction is based on logical implication. Recently there has been a rising interest in clausal representation of knowledge in machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 P. Idestam-Almquist

A representation invariant is a property that holds of all values of abstract type produced by a module. Representation invariants play important roles in software engineering and program verification. In this paper, we develop a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Anders Miltner , Saswat Padhi , Todd Millstein , David Walker

Mathematical models and algorithms are an essential part of mathematical research data, as they are epistemically grounding numerical data. In order to represent models and algorithms as well as their relationship semantically to make this…

Understanding the behavior of a trained network and finding explanations for its outputs is important for improving the network's performance and generalization ability, and for ensuring trust in automated systems. Several approaches have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Madhumita Sushil , Simon Šuster , Walter Daelemans