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Machine learning systems are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers manipulate model behavior through data tampering or architectural modifications. Traditional backdoor attacks involve injecting malicious samples with specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yuan Ma , Jiankang Wei , Yilun Lyu , Kehao Chen , Jingtong Huang

There is a growing interest in developing unlearnable examples (UEs) against visual privacy leaks on the Internet. UEs are training samples added with invisible but unlearnable noise, which have been found can prevent unauthorized training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Jiaming Zhang , Xingjun Ma , Qi Yi , Jitao Sang , Yu-Gang Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Changsheng Xu

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, organisations face escalating cyber threats that can disrupt operations, compromise sensitive data, and inflict financial and reputational harm. A key reason for this lies in the organisations'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Lasini Liyanage , Nalin Arachchilage , Giovanni Russello

The recent Spectre attacks has demonstrated the fundamental insecurity of current computer microarchitecture. The attacks use features like pipelining, out-of-order and speculation to extract arbitrary information about the memory contents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Roberto Guanciale , Musard Balliu , Mads Dam

Cancelable biometric schemes aim at generating secure biometric templates by combining user specific tokens, such as password, stored secret or salt, along with biometric data. This type of transformation is constructed as a composition of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Axel Durbet , Pascal Lafourcade , Denis Migdal , Kevin Thiry-Atighehchi , Paul-Marie Grollemund

Recent work has shown that deep-learning algorithms for malware detection are also susceptible to adversarial examples, i.e., carefully-crafted perturbations to input malware that enable misleading classification. Although this has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Luca Demetrio , Battista Biggio , Giovanni Lagorio , Fabio Roli , Alessandro Armando

Cyber threats against space infrastructures, including satellites and systems on the ground, have not been adequately understood. Testbeds are important to deepen our understanding and validate space cybersecurity studies. The state of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Jose Luis Castanon Remy , Caleb Chang , Ekzhin Ear , Shouhuai Xu

We identify quantitative characteristics of responses to cyber compromises that can be learned from repeatable, systematic experiments. We model a vehicle equipped with an autonomous cyber-defense system and which also has some inherent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Alexander Kott , Michael J. Weisman , Joachim Vandekerckhove

While there is a plethora of cybersecurity and risk management frameworks for different target audiences and use cases, micro-businesses (MBs) are often overlooked. As the smallest business entities, MBs represent a special case with regard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Etkin Getir

While the literature on security attacks and defense of Machine Learning (ML) systems mostly focuses on unrealistic adversarial examples, recent research has raised concern about the under-explored field of realistic adversarial attacks and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Salijona Dyrmishi , Salah Ghamizi , Thibault Simonetto , Yves Le Traon , Maxime Cordy

Malware constitutes a major global risk affecting millions of users each year. Standard algorithms in detection systems perform insufficiently when dealing with malware passed through obfuscation tools. We illustrate this studying in detail…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua

The rise of pre-trained unified foundation models breaks down the barriers between different modalities and tasks, providing comprehensive support to users with unified architectures. However, the backdoor attack on pre-trained models poses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Zenghui Yuan , Yixin Liu , Kai Zhang , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Malware detection is a constant challenge in cybersecurity due to the rapid development of new attack techniques. Traditional signature-based approaches struggle to keep pace with the sheer volume of malware samples. Machine learning offers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Peter Anthony , Francesco Giannini , Michelangelo Diligenti , Martin Homola , Marco Gori , Stefan Balogh , Jan Mojzis

With the advent of new technologies, using various formats of digital gadgets is becoming widespread. In today's world, where everyday tasks are inevitable without technology, this extensive use of computers paves the way for malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Mohammad Mahdi Maghouli , Mohamadreza Fereydooni , Monireh Abdoos , Mojtaba Vahidi-Asl

The proliferation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) embedded with vulnerable monolithic software has recently raised serious concerns about their security due to concurrency aspects and fragile communication links. However, verifying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Omar M. Alhawi , Mustafa A. Mustafa , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Privacy preserving has become increasingly critical with the emergence of social media. Unlearnable examples have been proposed to avoid leaking personal information on the Internet by degrading generalization abilities of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yifan Zhu , Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao

Malware is one of the most common and severe cyber-attack today. Malware infects millions of devices and can perform several malicious activities including mining sensitive data, encrypting data, crippling system performance, and many more.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Pascal Maniriho , Abdun Naser Mahmood , Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have emerged as a cornerstone approach for interpretable machine learning, providing human-understandable intermediate representations through explicit concept activations. However, this interpretability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Aditya Sridhar

Large language models (LLMs) possess strong semantic understanding, driving significant progress in data mining applications. This is further enhanced by large reasoning models (LRMs), which provide explicit multi-step reasoning traces. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aobo Chen , Chenxu Zhao , Chenglin Miao , Mengdi Huai

Recent works have shown promise in using microarchitectural execution patterns to detect malware programs. These detectors belong to a class of detectors known as signature-based detectors as they catch malware by comparing a program's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-31 Adrian Tang , Simha Sethumadhavan , Salvatore Stolfo