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Breath figures are the complex patterns that form when water vapor condenses into liquid droplets on a surface. The primary question concerning breath figures is how the condensing vapor is allocated between the growth of existing droplets…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-31 Ambre Bouillant , Jacco H. Snoeijer , Bruno Andreotti

This paper proposes a hypothetical model for the dual role of respiratory aerosols and inflammatory exudates in the dynamics and progression of SARS-CoV-2 lung infection. Starting from a new paradigm in infectious disease transmission, we…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-02 Shi Qiru

We present an experimental study on the evaporation of drops on fibers. More specifically, we focus on the droplet lifetime both in quiescent air and in an air flow of constant velocity. We propose a model to describe the evaporation rate…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-13 Marie Corpart , Frédéric Restagno , François Boulogne

The liquid cone-jet mode can be produced upon stimulation by a co-flowing gas sheath. Most applications deal with the jet breakup, leading to either of two droplet generation regimes: jetting and dripping. The cone-jet flow pattern is…

The internal flow within an evaporating sessile droplet is one of the driving mechanisms that lead to the variety of particle deposition patterns seen in applications such as inkjet printing, surface patterning, and blood stain analysis.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-29 Jiaqi Li , Jiarong Hong

A mathematical model for the evolution of, and deposition from, a thin particle-laden droplet on an infinitely thick, isotropic, flooded, porous substrate with interconnected pores undergoing simultaneous evaporation and imbibition is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-06 David Craig , Alexander W. Wray , Khellil Sefiane , Stephen K. Wilson

We predict and analyze the drying time of respiratory droplets from a COVID-19 infected subject, which is a crucial time to infect another subject. The drying of the droplet is predicted by diffusion-limited evaporation model for a sessile…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-07-15 Rajneesh Bhardwaj , Amit Agrawal

Droplet evaporation in turbulent sprays involves unsteady, multiscale and multiphase processes which make its comprehension and model capabilities still limited. The present work aims to investigate droplet vaporization dynamics within a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-03-20 Federico Dalla Barba , Francesco Picano

Besides mimicking bio-chemical and multi-scale communication mechanisms, molecular communication forms a theoretical framework for virus infection processes. Towards this goal, aerosol and droplet transmission has recently been modeled as a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Peter Adam Hoeher , Martin Damrath , Sunasheer Bhattacharjee , Max Schurwanz

We present novel numerical simulations investigating the evolution of liquid droplets into bag-like structures in turbulent airflows. The droplet bag breakup problem is of significance for many multiphase processes in scientific and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-29 Kaitao Tang , Thomas A. A. Adcock , Wouter Mostert

We propose a simple, self-consistent kinetic model for the evolution of a mixture of droplets and vapor expanding adiabatically in vacuum after rapid, almost isochoric heating. We study the evolution of the two-phase fluid at intermediate…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-06-01 Julien Armijo , John J. Barnard

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most significant global crisis since World War II that affected almost all the countries of our planet. To control the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, it is necessary to understand how the virus is transmitted to a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-02 Saheb Pal , Indrajit Ghosh

A theoretical framework is established to model the evaporation from continuously fed droplets, promising tools in the thermal management of high heat flux electronics. Using the framework, a comprehensive model is developed for a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Yigit Akkus , Barbaros Cetin , Zafer Dursunkaya

Air-borne transmission can pose a major risk of infection spread in enclosed spaces. Venting the air out using exhaust fans and ducts is a common approach to mitigate the risk. In this work, we study the air flow set up by an exhaust fan in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-24 Krishnendu Sinha , Utkarsh Verma , Janani Srree Murallidharan , Vivek Kumar

Could the microdroplets formed by viscoelastic stretching and break-up of mucosal liquids in the upper respiratory tract (URT), when inhaled further downwind, explain the brisk pace at which deep lung infections emerge following onset of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-29 Saikat Basu

Violent expiratory events, such as coughing and sneezing, are highly nontrivial examples of a two-phase mixture of liquid droplets dispersed into an unsteady turbulent airflow. Understanding the physical mechanisms determining the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-02-03 Marco E. Rosti , Mattia Cavaiola , Stefano Olivieri , Agnese Seminara , Andrea Mazzino

Human mobility is a key factor in spatial disease dynamics and related phenomena. In computational models host mobility is typically modelled by diffusion in space or on metapolulation networks. Alternatively, an effective force of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-03-07 Vitaly Belik , Theo Geisel , Dirk Brockmann

We analyse the stability of virus-carrying particles in air at equilibrium after the dissipation of the initial turbulent process produced by sneezing, coughing, breathing or speaking. Because the viruses are expelled mainly attached to…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-05-12 Daniel A. Stariolo

The study of vapor bubble growth following droplet vaporization in a superheated liquid involves research areas such as hydrodynamics, heat transfer, mass transfer, and thermodynamics. The interplay between these multiscale aspects is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-29 Muhammad Saeed Saleem , Michel Versluis , Guillaume Lajoinie

The risk of indoor airborne transmission among co-located individuals is generally non-uniform, which remains a critical challenge for public health modelling. Thus, we present CompARE, an integrated risk assessment framework for indoor…

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