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We present a new hardware-agnostic side-channel attack that targets one of the most fundamental software caches in modern computer systems: the operating system page cache. The page cache is a pure software cache that contains all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Daniel Gruss , Erik Kraft , Trishita Tiwari , Michael Schwarz , Ari Trachtenberg , Jason Hennessey , Alex Ionescu , Anders Fogh

RISC-V processors are becoming ubiquitous in critical applications, but their susceptibility to microarchitectural side-channel attacks is a serious concern. Detection of microarchitectural attacks in RISC-V is an emerging research topic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Muhammad Hassan , Maria Mushtaq , Jaan Raik , Tara Ghasempouri

Timing-based side and covert channels in processor caches continue to be a threat to modern computers. This work shows for the first time a systematic, large-scale analysis of Arm devices and the detailed results of attacks the processors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Shuwen Deng , Nikolay Matyunin , Wenjie Xiong , Stefan Katzenbeisser , Jakub Szefer

Modern processors are highly optimized systems where every single cycle of computation time matters. Many optimizations depend on the data that is being processed. Software-based microarchitectural attacks exploit effects of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Daniel Gruss

Software testing is becoming a critical part of the development cycle of embedded devices, enabling vulnerability detection. A well-studied approach of software testing is fuzz-testing (fuzzing), during which mutated input is sent to an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Philip Sperl , Konstantin Böttinger

Both AMD and Intel have presented technologies for confidential computing in cloud environments. The proposed solutions - AMD SEV (-ES, -SNP) and Intel TDX - protect Virtual Machines (VMs) against attacks from higher privileged layers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Felicitas Hetzelt , Martin Radev , Robert Buhren , Mathias Morbitzer , Jean-Pierre Seifert

The run-time electromagnetic (EM) emanation of microprocessors presents a side-channel that leaks the confidentiality of the applications running on them. Many recent works have demonstrated successful attacks leveraging such side-channels…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Nuntipat Narkthong , Yukui Luo , Xiaolin Xu

Developers today use significant amounts of open source code, surfacing the need for ways to automatically audit and upgrade library dependencies, and giving rise to the subfield of Software Composition Analysis (SCA). SCA products are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Darius Foo , Jason Yeo , Hao Xiao , Asankhaya Sharma

Existing power analysis techniques rely on strong adversary models with prior knowledge of the leakage or training data. We introduce side-channel analysis with unsupervised learning (SCAUL) that can recover the secret key without requiring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Keyvan Ramezanpour , Paul Ampadu , William Diehl

Early identification of security issues in software development is vital to minimize their unanticipated impacts. Code review is a widely used manual analysis method that aims to uncover security issues along with other coding issues in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Wachiraphan Charoenwet , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Van-Thuan Pham , Christoph Treude

Software vulnerabilities can have serious consequences, which is why many techniques have been proposed to defend against them. Among these, vulnerability detection techniques are a major area of focus. However, there is a lack of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Yingzhou Bi , Jiangtao Huang , Penghui Liu , Lianmei Wang

Identifying security issues early is encouraged to reduce the latent negative impacts on software systems. Code review is a widely-used method that allows developers to manually inspect modified code, catching security issues during a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Wachiraphan Charoenwet , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Van-Thuan Pham , Christoph Treude

Side-channel risks of Intel's SGX have recently attracted great attention. Under the spotlight is the newly discovered page-fault attack, in which an OS-level adversary induces page faults to observe the page-level access patterns of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenhao Wang , Guoxing Chen , Xiaorui Pan , Yinqian Zhang , XiaoFeng Wang , Vincent Bindschaedler , Haixu Tang , Carl A. Gunter

With Firefox OS, Mozilla is making a serious push for an HTML5-based mobile platform. In order to assuage security concerns over providing hardware access to web applications, Mozilla has introduced a number of mechanisms that make the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-10-29 Daniel Defreez , Bhargava Shastry , Hao Chen , Jean-Pierre Seifert

In recent years a new class of side-channel attacks has emerged. Instead of targeting device emissions during dynamic computation, adversaries now frequently exploit the leakage or response behaviour of integrated circuits in a static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Robert Dumitru , Thorben Moos , Andrew Wabnitz , Yuval Yarom

The various benefits of multi-tenanting, such as higher device utilization and increased profit margin, intrigue the cloud field-programmable gate array (FPGA) servers to include multi-tenanting in their infrastructure. However, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Nithyashankari Gummidipoondi Jayasankaran , Hao Guo , Satwik Patnaik , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran , Jiang Hu

Open-source software (OSS) pipelines rely on automated static analysis tools to prevent the introduction of vulnerabilities in code. However, there is limited understanding of the efficacy of these tools across the OSS ecosystem over time.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jean-Charles Noirot Ferrand , Kyle Domico , Yohan Beugin , Patrick McDaniel

This paper presents an approach for side channel cryptanalysis with iterative approximate Bayesian inference, based on sequential decoding methods. Reliability information about subkey hypotheses is generated in the form of likelihoods, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Andreas Ibing

In the last years, a series of side channels have been discovered on CPUs. These side channels have been used in powerful attacks, e.g., on cryptographic implementations, or as building blocks in transient-execution attacks such as Spectre…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Daniel Weber , Ahmad Ibrahim , Hamed Nemati , Michael Schwarz , Christian Rossow

Side-channel attacks (SCAs) pose a serious threat to system security by extracting secret keys through physical leakages such as power consumption, timing variations, and electromagnetic emissions. Among existing countermeasures, artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jiheon Woo , Donggyun Ryu , Daewon Seo , Young-Sik Kim , Namyoon Lee , Yuval Cassuto , Yongjune Kim