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Several places across the world are experiencing a steep surge in COVID-19 infections. Face masks have become increasingly accepted as one of the most effective means for combating the spread of the disease, when used in combination with…
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is primarily transmitted through virus-laden fluid particles ejected from the mouth of infected people. Face covers can mitigate the risk of virus transmission but their outward effectiveness is not fully ascertained.…
The utility of wearing simple cloth face masks is analyzed using computational fluid dynamics simulations. We simulate the aerodynamic flow through the mask and the spatial spread of droplet ejecta resulting from respiratory events such as…
Face covering, commonly known as facemask, is considered to be one of the most effective Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) to reduce transmissions of pathogens through respiratory droplets - both large drops and liquid aerosol…
Many objects in nature and industry are wrapped in a thin sheet to enhance their chemical, mechanical, or optical properties. There are similarly a variety of methods for wrapping, from pressing a film onto a hard substrate, to using…
A filter comprises porous material that traps contaminants when fluid passes through under an applied pressure difference. One side-effect of this applied pressure, however, is that it compresses the filter. This changes the permeability,…
Face masks in general, and N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FRs) that protect against SARS-Cov-2 virion in particular, have become scarce during the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic. This work presents practical design principles for…
Traditional face masks used extensively, for example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, are relatively impermeable, forcing aerosol-containing breath to flow into the surrounding atmosphere by ``leaking" out from the lateral edges of the mask.…
Knowing the physicochemical properties of exhaled droplets and aerosol particles is a prerequisite for a detailed mechanistic understanding and effective prevention of the airborne transmission of infectious human diseases. This article…
In the unfortunate event of current ongoing pandemic COVID-19, where vaccination development is still at the initial stage, several preventive control measures such as social distancing, hand-hygiene, and personal protective equipment have…
Masks have remained an important mitigation strategy in the fight against COVID-19 due to their ability to prevent the transmission of respiratory droplets between individuals. In this work, we provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis…
Face masks are used to intercept respiratory droplets to prevent spreading of air-borne diseases. Designing face masks with better efficiency needs microscopic understanding on how respiratory droplets move through a mask. Here we study a…
Deterministic and versatile approaches to sample preparation on nanoscopic scales are important in many fields including photonics, electronics, biology and material science. However, challenges exist in meeting many nanostructuring…
Lipid membranes form the barrier between the inside and outside of cells and many of their subcompartments. As such, they bind to a wide variety of nano- and micrometer sized objects and, in the presence of strong adhesive forces, strongly…
Lipid membranes, the barrier defining living cells and many of their sub-compartments, bind to a wide variety of nano- and micro-meter sized objects. In the presence of strong adhesive forces, membranes can strongly deform and wrap the…
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global shortage of personal protective equipment. While existing supply chains are struggling to meet the surge in demand, the limited supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) has placed…
Airborne diseases can be transmitted by infectious aerosols in the near field, i.e., in close proximity, or in the far field, i.e., by infectious aerosols that are well mixed within the indoor air. Is it possible to say which mode of…
Face masks provide effective, easy-to-use, and low-cost protection against airborne pathogens or infectious agents, including SARS-CoV-2. There is a wide variety of face masks available on the market for various applications, but they are…
The effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is determined by numerous contextual factors, including adherence. Conventional wisdom holds that the effectiveness of protective behaviour such as…
The transport of particles across lipid-bilayer membranes is important for biological cells to exchange information and material with their environment. Large particles often get wrapped by membranes, a process which has been intensively…