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For the first time, we have introduced the Tetrahedron Constellation of Gravitational Wave Observatory (TEGO) composed of four identical spacecrafts (S/Cs). The laser telescopes and their pointing structures are mounted on the S/C platform…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Hong-Bo Jin , Cong-Feng Qiao

Over the past few years questions have been raised concerning the use of laser communications links between sciencecraft to transmit phase information crucial to the reduction of laser frequency noise in the LISA science measurement. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-05 Scott E Pollack , Robin Tuck Stebbins

We discuss exploration for isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds around 1 mHz by correlation analysis, targeting both parity odd and even polarization modes. Even though the space interferometer LISA alone cannot probe the two modes due…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-04 Naoki Seto

A radio interferometer uses time delays to maximize its response to radiation coming from a particular direction. These time delays compensate for differences in the time of arrival of the wavefront at the different elements of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 P. Salas , M. A. Brentjens , D. D. Bordenave , J. B. R. Oonk , H. J. A. Röttgering

A common problem to signal processing are biases introduced by correlated noise. When quantifying time delays between two signals, mixed noise introduces a bias towards zero delay in conventional delay estimates based on the cross- or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Tin Jurhar , Franziska Pellegrini , Ana I. Nuñes del Toro , Tilman Stephani , Guido Nolte , Stefan Haufe

We perform a forecast analysis of the capability of the eLISA space-based interferometer to constrain models of early and interacting dark energy using gravitational wave standard sirens. We employ simulated catalogues of standard sirens…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-09 Chiara Caprini , Nicola Tamanini

Using a Nd:YVO4 microchip laser with a relaxation frequency in the megahertz range, we have experimentally compared a heterodyne interferometer based on a Michelson configuration with an autodyne interferometer based on the laser optical…

Space-based gravitational-wave detectors, such as LISA, record interferometric measurements on widely separated satellites. Their clocks are not synced actively. Instead, clock synchronization is performed in on-ground data processing. It…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-16 Jan Niklas Reinhardt , Olaf Hartwig , Gerhard Heinzel

LISA is considered to be launched alongside the Athena to probe the energetic astrophysical processes. LISA can determine the direction of sources for Athena's follow-up observation. As another space gravitational wave mission, TAIJI is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-05 Gang Wang , Wei-Tou Ni , Wen-Biao Han , Shu-Cheng Yang , Xing-Yu Zhong

Radio interferometers are phased arrays producing high-resolution images from the covariance matrix of measurements. Calibration of such instruments is necessary and is a critical task. This is how the estimation of instrumental errors is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-26 Yassine Mhiri , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Arnaud Breloy , Pascal Larzabal

Self-heterodyne fiber interferometers have been shown to be capable of stabilizing lasers to ultra-narrow linewidths and present an excellent alternative to high finesse cavities for frequency stabilization. In addition to suppressing…

In the baseline design for advanced LIGO interferometers, the most serious noise source is tiny, dynamically fluctuating bumps and valleys on the faces of the arm-cavity mirrors, caused by random flow of heat in the mirrors' sapphire…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Erika D'Ambrosio , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Sergey Strigin , Kip S. Thorne , Sergey Vyatchanin

Driver gaze estimation serves as a fundamental metric for evaluating driver attentiveness in modern monitoring systems. Beyond being vulnerable to sudden lighting changes and sensor noise, spatial-domain models struggle to disentangle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jun Ma , Zhenye Yang , Ruichen Zhou , Pei Zhang , Huan Li , Jinpeng Chen

The Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite has been making observations of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region for two decades. The TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) measures the…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Chen Wu , Aaron J. Ridley

Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of precision measurement devices, such as laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatories and axion detectors. In the shot-noise-limited regime, these resonant detectors are subject to a trade-off…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Xiang Li , Jiri Smetana , Amit Singh Ubhi , Joe Bentley , Yanbei Chen , Yiqiu Ma , Haixing Miao , Denis Martynov

Laser phase noise remains a limiting factor in many experimental settings, including metrology, time-keeping, as well as quantum optics. Hitherto this issue was addressed at low frequencies, ranging from well below 1 Hz to maximally 100…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-31 Michał Parniak , Ivan Galinskiy , Timo Zwettler , Eugene S. Polzik

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors are designed for wave sources in the millihertz band with different locations and orientations. Time-delay interferometry (TDI) technique is an indispensable ingredient in space-borne GW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Pan-Pan Wang , Hao-Kang Chen , Wei-Liang Qian , Rui Luo , Jing Zhou , Wei-Sheng Huang , Yu-Jie Tan , Cheng-Gang Shao

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be the first space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory. It will measure gravitational wave signals in the frequency regime from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. The success of these measurements will…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Marie-Sophie Hartig , Sarah Paczkowski , Martin Hewitson , Gerhard Heinzel , Gudrun Wanner

We present the first experimental confirmation of the so-called "self-phaselocked delay interferometry". This laser frequency stabilization technique consists basically in comparing the prompt laser signal with a delayed version of itself…

The random superposition of many weak sources will produce a stochastic background of gravitational waves that may dominate the response of the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) gravitational wave observatory. Unless something can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Neil J. Cornish