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Social and economic inequality is a plague of the XXI Century. It is continuously widening, as the wealth of a relatively small group increases and, therefore, the rest of the world shares a shrinking fraction of resources. This situation…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-03 José Roberto Iglesias , Ben-Hur Francisco Cardoso , Sebastián Gonçalves

Binary kinetic exchange models, where money is shuffled between two agents at a time, reproduce the Boltzmann Gibbs exponential wealth distribution but cannot address the multi party trades common in real markets. We generalize the exchange…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-28 Suchismita Banerjee

The statistical mechanics approach to wealth distribution is based on the conservative kinetic multi-agent model for money exchange, where the local interaction rule between the agents is analogous to the elastic particle scattering…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-06-16 M. Andrecut

We consider the ideal-gas models of trading markets, where each agent is identified with a gas molecule and each trading as an elastic or money-conserving (two-body) collision. Unlike in the ideal gas, we introduce saving propensity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Arnab Chatterjee , Bikas K. Chakrabarti , S. S. Manna

We present a minimal agent-based model of interacting agents characterized by their wealth to study taxation and inequality in a non-conservative economy. Wealth evolves through an extremal stochastic replacement process in which the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-05 Lautaro Giordano , Sebastian Gonçalves , José Roberto Iglesias , María Fabiana Laguna

We propose a novel kinetic exchange model differing from previous ones in two main aspects. First, the basic dynamics is modified in order to represent economies where immediate wealth exchanges are carried out, instead of reshufflings or…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-07 Els Heinsalu , Marco Patriarca

The kinetic exchange model has gained popularity in the field of statistical mechanics for investigating wealth interaction. Traditionally, kinetic exchange models have been studied without considering preferential interactions. However, in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-05-26 Suchismita Banerjee

Reactive lattice gas automata provide a microscopic approachto the dynamics of spatially-distributed reacting systems. After introducing the subject within the wider framework of lattice gas automata (LGA) as a microscopic approach to the…

comp-gas · Physics 2009-10-28 Jean Pierre Boon , David Dab , Raymond Kapral , Anna Lawniczak

Some general features of kinetic multi-agent models are reviewed, with particular attention to the relation between the agent saving propensities and the form of the equilibrium wealth distribution. The effect of a finite cutoff of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-03-19 Marco Patriarca , Anirban Chakraborti , Guido Germano

Simple agent based exchange models are a commonplace in the study of wealth distribution of artificial societies. Generally, each agent is characterized by its wealth and by a risk-aversion factor, and random exchanges between agents allow…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-11 G. M. Caon , S. Goncalves , J. R. Iglesias

Many models of market dynamics make use of the idea of wealth exchanges among economic agents. A simple analogy compares the wealth in a society with the energy in a physical system, and the trade between agents to the energy exchange…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-07-14 J. R. Iglesias

The "Money Exchange Model" is a type of agent-based simulation model used to study how wealth distribution and inequality evolve through monetary exchanges between individuals. The primary focus of this model is to identify the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Hironobu Sakagawa

We study a system of $N$ agents, whose wealth grows linearly, under the effect of stochastic resetting and interacting via a tax-like dynamics -- all agents donate a part of their wealth, which is, in turn, redistributed equally among all…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-11 Ion Santra

Redistribution of resources within a group as a method to reduce wealth inequality is a current area of debate. The evolutionary path to or away from wealth sharing is also a subject of active research. In order to investigate effects and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-05-30 John C. Stevenson

We propose a set of conservative models in which agents exchange wealth with a preference in the choice of interacting agents in different ways. The common feature in all the models is that the temporary values of financial status of agents…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-22 Sanchari Goswami , Parongama Sen

The conservative wealth-exchange process derived from trade interactions is modeled as a multiplicative stochastic transference of value, where each interaction multiplies the wealth of the poorest of the two intervening agents by a random…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-30 Cristian F. Moukarzel

The agent-based Yard-Sale model of wealth inequality is generalized to incorporate exponential economic growth and its distribution. The distribution of economic growth is nonuniform and is determined by the wealth of each agent and a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-26 Kang K. L. Liu , N. Lubbers , W. Klein , J. Tobochnik , B. M. Boghosian , Harvey Gould

We develop a model for the evolution of wealth in a non-conservative economic environment, extending a theory developed earlier by the authors. The model considers a system of rational agents interacting in a game theoretical framework.…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-19 Pierre Degond , Jian-Guo Liu , Christian Ringhofer

We investigate the repeated averaging model for money exchanges: two agents picked uniformly at random share half of their wealth to each other. It is intuitively convincing that a Dirac distribution of wealth (centered at the initial…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Fei Cao

We consider a simple model of a closed economic system where the total money is conserved and the number of economic agents is fixed. In analogy to statistical systems in equilibrium, money and the average money per economic agent are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Anirban Chakraborti , Bikas K. Chakrabarti