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We define direct sums and a corresponding notion of connectedness for graph limits. Every graph limit has a unique decomposition as a direct sum of connected components. As is well-known, graph limits may be represented by symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-10 Svante Janson

We study the behaviour of random labelled and unlabelled cographs with n vertices as n tends to infinity. Our main result is a novel probabilistic limit in the space of graphons.

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Benedikt Stufler

In 2007 we introduced a general model of sparse random graphs with independence between the edges. The aim of this paper is to present an extension of this model in which the edges are far from independent, and to prove several results…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-05 Bela Bollobas , Svante Janson , Oliver Riordan

We introduce probability-graphons which are probability kernels that generalize graphons to the case of weighted graphs. Probability-graphons appear as the limit objects to study sequences of large weighted graphs whose distribution of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Romain Abraham , Jean-François Delmas , Julien Weibel

Many natural and social systems develop complex networks, that are usually modelled as random graphs. The eigenvalue spectrum of these graphs provides information about their structural properties. While the semi-circle law is known to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Illes J. Farkas , Imre Derenyi , Albert-Laszlo Barabasi , Tamas Vicsek

The independence numbers of powers of graphs have been long studied, under several definitions of graph products, and in particular, under the strong graph product. We show that the series of independence numbers in strong powers of a fixed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Noga Alon , Eyal Lubetzky

We study the detection and the reconstruction of a large very dense subgraph in a social graph with $n$ nodes and $m$ edges given as a stream of edges, when the graph follows a power law degree distribution, in the regime when $m=O(n. \log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Claire Mathieu , Michel de Rougemont

Subgraphs such as cliques, loops and stars form crucial connections in the topologies of real-world networks. Random graph models provide estimates for how often certain subgraphs appear, which in turn can be tested against real-world…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Clara Stegehuis

Degree distribution, or equivalently called degree sequence, has been commonly used to be one of most significant measures for studying a large number of complex networks with which some well-known results have been obtained. By contrast,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-19 Fei Ma , Xiaoming Wang , Ping Wang

We perform a massive evaluation of neural networks with architectures corresponding to random graphs of various types. We investigate various structural and numerical properties of the graphs in relation to neural network test accuracy. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Romuald A. Janik , Aleksandra Nowak

The classical random graph model $G(n,\lambda/n)$ satisfies a `duality principle', in that removing the giant component from a supercritical instance of the model leaves (essentially) a subcritical instance. Such principles have been proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-07 Svante Janson , Oliver Riordan

We consider a conditionally Poissonian random graph model where the mean degrees, `capacities', follow a power-tailed distribution with finite mean and infinite variance. Such a graph of size $N$ has a giant component which is super-small…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-01-08 I. Norros , H. Reittu

The $t$-e.c. and pseudo-random property are typical properties of random graphs. In this note, we study the gap between them which has not been studied well. As a main result, we give the first explicit construction of infinite families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Shohei Satake

In many network problems, graphs may change by the addition of nodes, or the same problem may need to be solved in multiple similar graphs. This generates inefficiency, as analyses and systems that are not transferable have to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-11 Luana Ruiz , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

For any fixed integer $R \geq 2$ we characterise the typical structure of undirected graphs with vertices $1, ..., n$ and maximum degree $R$, as $n$ tends to infinity. The information is used to prove that such graphs satisfy a labelled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-18 Vera Koponen

The theory of graphons has proven to be a powerful tool in many areas of graph theory. In this paper, we introduce several foundational aspects of the theory of digraphons -- asymmetric two-variable functions that arise as limits of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Jan Hladký , Petr Savický

Fokker-Planck equations represent a suitable description of the finite-time behavior for a large class of particle systems as the size of the population tends to infinity. Recently, the theory of graph limits has been introduced in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Fabio Coppini

We identify the scaling limit of random intersection graphs inside their critical windows. The limit graphs vary according to the clustering regimes, and coincide with the continuum Erdos--Renyi graph in two out of the three regimes. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Minmin Wang

We find that scale-free random networks are excellently modeled by a deterministic graph. This graph has a discrete degree distribution (degree is the number of connections of a vertex) which is characterized by a power-law with exponent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. N. Dorogovtsev , A. V. Goltsev , J. F. F. Mendes

In this paper we make use of graphon theory to study opinion dynamics on large undirected networks. The opinion dynamics models that we take into consideration allow for negative interactions between the individuals, i.e. competing entities…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-09-04 Raoul Prisant , Federica Garin , Paolo Frasca