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We study contextual dynamic pricing problems where a firm sells products to $T$ sequentially-arriving consumers, behaving according to an unknown demand model. The firm aims to minimize its regret over a clairvoyant that knows the model in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Zifeng Zhao , Feiyu Jiang , Yi Yu

Firms increasingly rely on dynamic pricing to respond to evolving customer demand, yet in many applications they observe only the revenue generated by a single posted price in each period. At the same time, market conditions may shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xiangyu Yang , Feng Xu , Jian-Qiang Hu , Jiaqiao Hu

We study a demand response problem from utility (also referred to as operator)'s perspective with realistic settings, in which the utility faces uncertainty and limited communication. Specifically, the utility does not know the cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Pan Li , Hao Wang , Baosen Zhang

Feature-based dynamic pricing is an increasingly popular model of setting prices for highly differentiated products with applications in digital marketing, online sales, real estate and so on. The problem was formally studied as an online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Jianyu Xu , Yu-Xiang Wang

We consider a novel pricing and advertising framework, where a seller not only sets product price but also designs flexible 'advertising schemes' to influence customers' valuation of the product. We impose no structural restriction on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Shipra Agrawal , Yiding Feng , Wei Tang

In continuous-choice settings, consumers decide not only on whether to purchase a product, but also on how much to purchase. Thus, firms optimize a full price schedule rather than a single price point. This paper provides a methodology to…

General Economics · Economics 2024-08-13 Soheil Ghili , Russ Yoon

We consider dynamic multi-product pricing and assortment problems under an unknown demand over T periods, where in each period, the seller decides on the price for each product or the assortment of products to offer to a customer who…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Vineet Goyal , Noemie Perivier

As algorithms increasingly mediate competitive decision-making, their influence extends beyond individual outcomes to shaping strategic market dynamics. In two preregistered experiments, we examined how algorithmic advice affects human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tobias R. Rebholz , Maxwell Uphoff , Christian H. R. Bernges , Florian Scholten

Pricing decisions of companies require an understanding of the causal effect of a price change on the demand. When real-life pricing experiments are infeasible, data-driven decision-making must be based on alternative data sources such as…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-03 Lauri Valkonen , Santtu Tikka , Jouni Helske , Juha Karvanen

This paper examines whether widely used online learning algorithms in pricing can independently reach competitive outcomes or instead foster tacit collusion. This issue has drawn considerable attention from competition regulators as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Martin Bichler , Julius Durmann , Matthias Oberlechner

We study the dynamic pricing problem where the demand function is nonparametric and H\"older smooth, and we focus on adaptivity to the unknown H\"older smoothness parameter $\beta$ of the demand function. Traditionally the optimal dynamic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-02 Zeqi Ye , Hansheng Jiang

Dynamic pricing of goods in a competitive environment to maximize revenue is a natural objective and has been a subject of research over the years. In this paper, we focus on a class of markets exhibiting the substitutes property with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Paresh Nakhe

Firms that price perishable resources -- airline seats, hotel rooms, seasonal inventory -- now routinely use demand predictions, but these predictions vary widely in quality. Under hard capacity constraints, acting on an inaccurate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Ruicheng Ao , Jiashuo Jiang , David Simchi-Levi

We study an online dynamic pricing problem where the potential demand at each time period $t=1,2,\ldots, T$ is stochastic and dependent on the price. However, a perishable inventory is imposed at the beginning of each time $t$, censoring…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-26 Jianyu Xu , Yining Wang , Xi Chen , Yu-Xiang Wang

We study long-run market stability for repeated price competitions between two firms, where consumer demand depends on firms' posted prices and consumers' price expectations called reference prices. Consumers' reference prices vary over…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Negin Golrezaei , Patrick Jaillet , Jason Cheuk Nam Liang

We consider a dynamic pricing problem where customer response to the current price is impacted by the customer price expectation, aka reference price. We study a simple and novel reference price mechanism where reference price is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Shipra Agrawal , Wei Tang

An informed seller designs a dynamic mechanism to sell an experience good. The seller has partial information about the product match, which affects the buyer's private consumption experience. We characterize equilibrium mechanisms of this…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-06-24 Tan Gan , Nicholas Wu

We study a data pricing problem, where a seller has access to $N$ homogeneous data points (e.g. drawn i.i.d. from some distribution). There are $m$ types of buyers in the market, where buyers of the same type $i$ have the same valuation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Keran Chen , Joon Suk Huh , Kirthevasan Kandasamy

Time-varying pricing tariffs incentivize consumers to shift their electricity demand and reduce costs, but may increase the energy burden for consumers with limited response capability. The utility must thus balance affordability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Liudong Chen , Bolun Xu

In this paper, we study the contextual dynamic pricing problem where the market value of a product is linear in its observed features plus some market noise. Products are sold one at a time, and only a binary response indicating success or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Jianqing Fan , Yongyi Guo , Mengxin Yu