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End-to-end approaches for automatic speech recognition (ASR) benefit from directly modeling the probability of the word sequence given the input audio stream in a single neural network. However, compared to conventional ASR systems, these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Ankur Gandhe , Ariya Rastrow

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

The advances in attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) networks have brought great progress to end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR). One way to further improve the performance of AED-based E2E ASR is to introduce an extra text…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Wei Wang , Shuo Ren , Yao Qian , Shujie Liu , Yu Shi , Yanmin Qian , Michael Zeng

While integrating speech encoder with LLM requires substantial data and resources, use cases face limitations due to insufficient availability. To address this, we propose a solution with a parameter-efficient adapter that converts speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jaekwon Yoo , Kunal Chandiramani , Divya Tadimeti , Abenezer Girma , Chandra Dhir

RNN-Transducers (RNN-Ts) have gained widespread acceptance as an end-to-end model for speech to text conversion because of their high accuracy and streaming capabilities. A typical RNN-T independently encodes the input audio and the text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Vinit S. Unni , Ashish Mittal , Preethi Jyothi , Sunita Sarawagi

Practitioners often need to build ASR systems for new use cases in a short amount of time, given limited in-domain data. While recently developed end-to-end methods largely simplify the modeling pipelines, they still suffer from the data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Yang Chen , Weiran Wang , I-Fan Chen , Chao Wang

This paper proposes a novel automatic speech recognition (ASR) system that can transcribe individual speaker's speech while identifying whether they are target or non-target speakers from multi-talker overlapped speech. Target-speaker ASR…

In this work, to measure the accuracy and efficiency for a latency-controlled streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) application, we perform comprehensive evaluations on three popular training criteria: LF-MMI, CTC and RNN-T. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-11 Xiaohui Zhang , Frank Zhang , Chunxi Liu , Kjell Schubert , Julian Chan , Pradyot Prakash , Jun Liu , Ching-Feng Yeh , Fuchun Peng , Yatharth Saraf , Geoffrey Zweig

In this work, we propose minimum Bayes risk (MBR) training of RNN-Transducer (RNN-T) for end-to-end speech recognition. Specifically, initialized with a RNN-T trained model, MBR training is conducted via minimizing the expected edit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Chao Weng , Chengzhu Yu , Jia Cui , Chunlei Zhang , Dong Yu

Speech-enabled systems typically first convert audio to text through an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model and then feed the text to downstream natural language processing (NLP) modules. The errors of the ASR system can seriously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Tong Cui , Jinghui Xiao , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Transfer learning is crucial in training deep neural networks on new target tasks. Current transfer learning methods always assume at least one of (i) source and target task label spaces overlap, (ii) source datasets are available, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Sekitoshi Kanai , Atsutoshi Kumagai , Daiki Chijiwa , Hisashi Kashima

End-to-end neural automatic speech recognition systems achieved recently state-of-the-art results, but they require large datasets and extensive computing resources. Transfer learning has been proposed to overcome these difficulties even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Peter Polák , Ondřej Bojar

Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) approach for low-resource ASR is a relatively new direction in speech research. The approach benefits by performing model training without using lexicon and alignments. However, this poses a new problem of…

We present a state-of-the-art end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model. We learn to listen and write characters with a joint Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder network. The encoder is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Takaaki Hori , Shinji Watanabe , Yu Zhang , William Chan

In this work we evaluate the utility of synthetic data for training automatic speech recognition (ASR). We use the ASR training data to train a text-to-speech (TTS) system similar to FastSpeech-2. With this TTS we reproduce the original…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Benedikt Hilmes , Nick Rossenbach , and Ralf Schlüter

We present Bifocal RNN-T, a new variant of the Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) architecture designed for improved inference time latency on speech recognition tasks. The architecture enables a dynamic pivot for its runtime…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Jonathan Macoskey , Grant P. Strimel , Ariya Rastrow

This paper presents an end-to-end deep learning model for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) that transcribes Nepali speech to text. The model was trained and tested on the OpenSLR (audio, text) dataset. The majority of the audio dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Manish Dhakal , Arman Chhetri , Aman Kumar Gupta , Prabin Lamichhane , Suraj Pandey , Subarna Shakya

The external language models (LM) integration remains a challenging task for end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) which has no clear division between acoustic and language models. In this work, we propose an internal LM…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-05 Zhong Meng , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Eric Sun , Yashesh Gaur , Naoyuki Kanda , Liang Lu , Xie Chen , Rui Zhao , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

End-to-end (E2E) models have shown to outperform state-of-the-art conventional models for streaming speech recognition [1] across many dimensions, including quality (as measured by word error rate (WER)) and endpointer latency [2]. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-12 Bo Li , Anmol Gulati , Jiahui Yu , Tara N. Sainath , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Arun Narayanan , Shuo-Yiin Chang , Ruoming Pang , Yanzhang He , James Qin , Wei Han , Qiao Liang , Yu Zhang , Trevor Strohman , Yonghui Wu

The people in the world who are hearing impaired face many obstacles in communication and require an interpreter to comprehend what a person is saying. There has been constant scientific research and the existing models lack the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Shubham Thakar , Samveg Shah , Bhavya Shah , Anant V. Nimkar