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We introduce the Vehicle Routing Problem with Resource-Constrained Pickup and Delivery (VRP-RPD), where vehicles transport finite identical resources to customer locations for autonomous processing before retrieval and redeployment. Unlike…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Manbir Sodhi , Romesh Prasad , Harishjitu Saseendran

In practice, e.g. in delivery and service scenarios, Vehicle-Routing-Problems (VRPs) often imply repeated decision making on dynamic customer requests. As in classical VRPs, tours have to be planned short while the number of serviced…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Jakob Bossek , Christian Grimme , Heike Trautmann

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is one of the most intensively studied combinatorial optimisation problems for which numerous models and algorithms have been proposed. To tackle the complexities, uncertainties and dynamics involved in…

The rapid growth of pharmaceutical refrigerated logistics poses sustainability challenges, including elevated costs, energy consumption, and resource inefficiency. Collaborating multiple depots can enhance logistics efficiency when…

Applications · Statistics 2023-11-09 Tingting Chen , Feng Chu , Jiantong Zhang , Jiaqing Sun

Sequential decision problems in applications such as manipulation in warehouses, multi-step meal preparation, and routing in autonomous vehicle networks often involve reasoning about uncertainty, planning over discrete modes as well as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Shushman Choudhury , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly prevalent nowadays, with studies highlighting their potential as mobile energy storage systems to provide grid support. Realising this potential requires effective charging coordination,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Jun Kang Yap , Vishnu Monn Baskaran , Wen Shan Tan , Ze Yang Ding , Hao Wang , David L. Dowe

Recent studies in using deep learning to solve routing problems focus on construction heuristics, the solutions of which are still far from optimality. Improvement heuristics have great potential to narrow this gap by iteratively refining a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Yaoxin Wu , Wen Song , Zhiguang Cao , Jie Zhang , Andrew Lim

The Dynamic Pickup and Delivery Problem (DPDP) is aimed at dynamically scheduling vehicles among multiple sites in order to minimize the cost when delivery orders are not known a priori. Although DPDP plays an important role in modern…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Xijun Li , Weilin Luo , Mingxuan Yuan , Jun Wang , Jiawen Lu , Jie Wang , Jinhu Lu , Jia Zeng

Path planning is an important problem with the the applications in many aspects, such as video games, robotics etc. This paper proposes a novel method to address the problem of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based path planning for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Hao Liu , Yi Shen , Shuangjiang Yu , Zijun Gao , Tong Wu

In dynamic vehicle routing problems (DVRPs), some part of the information is revealed or changed on the fly, and the decision maker has the opportunity to re-plan the vehicle routes during their execution, reflecting on the changes.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Markó Horváth , Tímea Tamási

Recently, a higher competition in logistics business introduces new challenges to the vehicle routing problem (VRP). Re-route planning, also known as dynamic VRP, is one of the important challenges. The re-route planning has to be performed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Suttinee Sawadsitang , Dusit Niyato , Kongrath Suankaewmanee , Puay Siew Tan

Rising labor costs and increasing logistical demands pose significant challenges to modern delivery systems. Automated Electric Vehicles (AEVs) could reduce reliance on delivery personnel and increase route flexibility, but their adoption…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jingyi Zhao , Jiayu Yang , Haoxiang Yang

We present an end-to-end framework for solving the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) using reinforcement learning. In this approach, we train a single model that finds near-optimal solutions for problem instances sampled from a given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Mohammadreza Nazari , Afshin Oroojlooy , Lawrence V. Snyder , Martin Takáč

In this paper, we study novel variants of the well-known two-echelon vehicle routing problem in which a truck works on the first echelon to transport parcels and a fleet of drones to intermediate depots while in the second echelon, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Minh Hoàng Hà , Lam Vu , Duy Manh Vu

Dynamic routing occurs when customers are not known in advance, e.g. for real-time routing. Two heuristics are proposed that solve the balanced dynamic multiple travelling salesmen problem (BD-mTSP). These heuristics represent operational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-24 Wolfgang Garn

We propose a feature-based guidance mechanism to enhance metaheuristic algorithms for solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). This mechanism leverages an Explainable AI (XAI) model to identify features that correlate with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bachtiar Herdianto , Romain Billot , Flavien Lucas , Marc Sevaux

Full truckload transportation (FTL) in the form of freight containers represents one of the most important transportation modes in international trade. Due to large volume and scale, in FTL, delivery time is often less critical but cost and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Ning Xue , Ruibin Bai , Rong Qu , Uwe Aickelin

Over the past few years, ride-sharing has emerged as an effective way to relieve traffic congestion. A key problem for these platforms is to come up with a revenue-optimal (or GMV-optimal) pricing scheme and an induced vehicle dispatching…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Mengjing Chen , Weiran Shen , Pingzhong Tang , Song Zuo

Green vehicle routing problem (GVRP) aims to consider greenhouse gas emissions reduction, while routing the vehicles. It can be either through adopting Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) or with existing conventional fossil fuel vehicles in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Saba Sabet , Bilal Farooq

This paper presents an approach to learn the local-search heuristics that iteratively improves the solution of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). A local-search heuristics is composed of a destroy operator that destructs a candidate solution,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Lei Gao , Mingxiang Chen , Qichang Chen , Ganzhong Luo , Nuoyi Zhu , Zhixin Liu