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The widespread adoption of ChatGPT has raised concerns about its misuse, highlighting the need for robust detection of AI-generated text. Current word-level detectors are vulnerable to paraphrasing or simple prompts (PSP), suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Mo Mu , Dianqiao Lei , Chang Li

Most existing pre-trained language representation models (PLMs) are sub-optimal in sentiment analysis tasks, as they capture the sentiment information from word-level while under-considering sentence-level information. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Shuai Fan , Chen Lin , Haonan Li , Zhenghao Lin , Jinsong Su , Hang Zhang , Yeyun Gong , Jian Guo , Nan Duan

Autoregressive language models, pretrained using large text corpora to do well on next word prediction, have been successful at solving many downstream tasks, even with zero-shot usage. However, there is little theoretical understanding of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Nikunj Saunshi , Sadhika Malladi , Sanjeev Arora

Current adversarial attack algorithms, where an adversary changes a text to fool a victim model, have been repeatedly shown to be effective against text classifiers. These attacks, however, generally assume that the victim model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tom Roth , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Alsharif Abuadbba , Massimo Piccardi

A sentence may express sentiments on multiple aspects. When these aspects are associated with different sentiment polarities, a model's accuracy is often adversely affected. We observe that multiple aspects in such hard sentences are mostly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Ting Lin , Aixin Sun , Yequan Wang

Identifying the targets of hate speech is a crucial step in grasping the nature of such speech and, ultimately, in improving the detection of offensive posts on online forums. Much harmful content on online platforms uses implicit language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Nazanin Jafari , James Allan , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar

Machine Learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and will highly likely produce incorrect outputs under these attacks. There are white-box and black-box attacks regarding to adversary's access level to the victim learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Saeid Samizade , Zheng-Hua Tan , Chao Shen , Xiaohong Guan

Jointly extracting entity pairs and their relations is challenging when working on distantly-supervised data with ambiguous or noisy labels. To mitigate such impact, we propose uncertainty-aware bootstrap learning, which is motivated by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Yufei Li , Xiao Yu , Yanchi Liu , Haifeng Chen , Cong Liu

The pervasiveness of offensive language on the social network has caused adverse effects on society, such as abusive behavior online. It is urgent to detect offensive language and curb its spread. Existing research shows that methods with…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Zhenxiong Miao , Xingshu Chen , Haizhou Wang , Rui Tang , Zhou Yang , Wenyi Tang

Recent joint intent detection and slot tagging models have seen improved performance when compared to individual models. In many real-world datasets, the slot labels and values have a strong correlation with their intent labels. In such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Shruthi Hariharan , Vignesh Kumar Krishnamurthy , Utkarsh , Jayantha Gowda Sarapanahalli

Social media platforms, despite their value in promoting open discourse, are often exploited to spread harmful content. Current deep learning and natural language processing models used for detecting this harmful content overly rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Paras Sheth , Tharindu Kumarage , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Huan Liu

Sentiment analysis focuses on identifying the emotional polarity expressed in textual data, typically categorized as positive, negative, or neutral. Hate speech detection, on the other hand, aims to recognize content that incites violence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Meysam Shirdel Bilehsavar , Negin Mahmoudi , Mohammad Jalili Torkamani , Kiana Kiashemshaki

This paper proposes an approach for automatically analysing and tracking statements in material gathered online and detecting whether the authors of the statements are likely to be involved in extremism or terrorism. The proposed system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 R. O. Lane , W. J. Holmes , C. J. Taylor , H. M. State-Davey , A. J. Wragge

Context: User intent modeling is a crucial process in Natural Language Processing that aims to identify the underlying purpose behind a user's request, enabling personalized responses. With a vast array of approaches introduced in the…

Offensive language is pervasive in social media. Individuals frequently take advantage of the perceived anonymity of computer-mediated communication, using this to engage in behavior that many of them would not consider in real life. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Nikhil Oswal

This paper introduces a method for detecting inappropriately targeting language in online conversations by integrating crowd and expert annotations with ChatGPT. We focus on English conversation threads from Reddit, examining comments that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Baran Barbarestani , Isa Maks , Piek Vossen

The fairness and trustworthiness of Large Language Models (LLMs) are receiving increasing attention. Implicit hate speech, which employs indirect language to convey hateful intentions, occupies a significant portion of practice. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Min Zhang , Jianfeng He , Taoran Ji , Chang-Tien Lu

In aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA), many neural models are equipped with an attention mechanism to quantify the contribution of each context word to sentiment prediction. However, such a mechanism suffers from one drawback: only a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Jinsong Su , Jialong Tang , Hui Jiang , Ziyao Lu , Yubin Ge , Linfeng Song , Deyi Xiong , Le Sun , Jiebo Luo

Training robust deep learning models for down-stream tasks is a critical challenge. Research has shown that down-stream models can be easily fooled with adversarial inputs that look like the training data, but slightly perturbed, in a way…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Mahmoud Hossam , Trung Le , He Zhao , Dinh Phung

The propagation of offensive content through social media channels has garnered attention of the research community. Multiple works have proposed various semantically related yet subtle distinct categories of offensive speech. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Huy Nghiem , Umang Gupta , Fred Morstatter